Miller Nancy, Frieden Thomas R, Liu Sze Yan, Matte Thomas D, Mostashari Farzad, Deitcher Deborah R, Cummings K Michael, Chang Christina, Bauer Ursula, Bassett Mary T
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY 10013, USA.
Lancet. 2005;365(9474):1849-54. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66615-9.
After an increase in cigarette taxes and implementation of smoke-free workplace legislation, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, the New York State Department of Health, and the Roswell Park Cancer Institute undertook large-scale distribution of free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). We did a 6 month follow-up survey to assess the success of this programme in improving smoking cessation on a population basis.
34,090 eligible smokers who phoned a toll-free quitline were sent a 6-week course of nicotine patches (2 weeks each of 21 mg, 14 mg, and 7 mg per day). Brief follow-up counselling calls were attempted. At 6 months after treatment, we assessed smoking status of 1305 randomly sampled NRT recipients and a non-randomly selected comparison group of eligible smokers who, because of mailing errors, did not receive the treatment. NRT recipients were compared with local survey-derived data for heavy smokers in New York City.
An estimated 5% of all adults in New York City who smoked ten cigarettes or more daily received NRT; most (64%) recipients were non-white, foreign-born, or resided in a low-income neighbourhood. Of individuals contacted at 6 months, more NRT recipients than comparison group members successfully quit smoking (33%vs 6%, p<0.0001), and this difference remained significant after adjustment for demographic factors and amount smoked (odds ratio 8.8, 95% CI 4.4-17.8). Highest quit rates were associated with those who were foreign born (87 [39%]), older than 65 years (40 [47%]), and smoked less than 20 cigarettes per day (116 [35%]). Those who received a counselling call were more likely to stop smoking than those who did not (246 [38%] vs 189 [27%], p=0.001). With the conservative assumption that every 6-month follow-up survey non-respondent continued to smoke, the stop rate among NRT recipients was 20%. At least 6038 successful quits were attributable to NRT receipt, and cost was 464 US dollars per quit.
Easy access to cessation medication for diverse populations could help many more smokers to stop.
在提高香烟税并实施无烟工作场所立法之后，纽约市卫生与精神卫生部门、纽约州卫生部门以及罗斯韦尔帕克癌症研究所开展了大规模免费尼古丁替代疗法（NRT）的发放工作。我们进行了一项为期6个月的随访调查，以评估该项目在总体人群中促进戒烟的成效。
34090名拨打免费戒烟热线的符合条件的吸烟者收到了为期6周的尼古丁贴片疗程（每天21毫克、14毫克和7毫克，各为期2周）。尝试进行简短的随访咨询电话。在治疗6个月后，我们评估了1305名随机抽样的NRT接受者以及一组因邮寄错误未接受治疗的符合条件吸烟者的非随机选择的对照组的吸烟状况。将NRT接受者与纽约市重度吸烟者的当地调查数据进行比较。
估计纽约市每天吸10支或更多香烟的所有成年人中有5%接受了NRT；大多数（64%）接受者是非白人、外国出生或居住在低收入社区。在6个月时联系到的个体中，成功戒烟的NRT接受者比对照组成员更多（33%对6%，p<0.0001），在对人口统计学因素和吸烟量进行调整后，这种差异仍然显著（优势比8.8，95%可信区间4.4 - 17.8）。最高的戒烟率与外国出生者（87人[39%]）、65岁以上者（共）
