Devaney Kenneth O, Boschman Cynthia R, Willard Sarah C, Ferlito Alfio, Rinaldo Alessandra
Department of Pathology, Foote Hospital, Jackson, MI 49201, USA.
Lancet Oncol. 2005 Jun;6(6):411-20. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(05)70208-4.
Symptoms such as hearing impairment, tinnitus, or a disturbance in sense of balance can generally be attributed to non-neoplastic causes, such as otitis media, otosclerosis, or trauma. Less commonly, auricular signs and symptoms are the result of non-neoplastic and neoplastic space-occupying lesions. The external ear can be the site of development of squamous carcinomas and basal-cell carcinomas; the middle ear and inner ear can host metastatic deposits, and primary squamous carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. Most auricular malignant diseases occur in adulthood; only the rhabdomyosarcomas of the middle ear arise in children. Most malignant diseases of the auricular apparatus are treated by a combination of surgery (commonly including radical excision of temporal bone), radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.
听力障碍、耳鸣或平衡感紊乱等症状通常可归因于非肿瘤性病因，如中耳炎、耳硬化症或外伤。较少见的情况下，耳部体征和症状是由非肿瘤性和肿瘤性占位性病变引起的。外耳可能是鳞状细胞癌和基底细胞癌的发生部位；中耳和内耳可能出现转移性沉积物，以及原发性鳞状细胞癌和腺癌。大多数耳部恶性疾病发生在成年期；只有中耳横纹肌肉瘤发生于儿童。耳部器官的大多数恶性疾病通过手术（通常包括颞骨根治性切除）、放疗和化疗联合治疗。
