Ozokutan Bülent Hayri, Ozkan K Uğur, Sari Ibrahim, Inanç Fatma, Güldür M Emin, Kilinç Metin
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gaziantep University Medical Faculty, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Biol Neonate. 2005;88(2):113-7. doi: 10.1159/000086130. Epub 2005 May 30.
Nicotine is known to be associated with adverse effects in infants and children. It is concentrated in breast milk and is absorbed by the infant. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects on breast-fed rat pups of maternal nicotine exposure during lactation.
In the experimental group (n = 6), nicotine was given to lactating dams (2 mg/kg/day) after delivery and continued for 10 days during lactation. Control animals (n = 4) received saline for the same duration. The suckling rats were weighed and killed on postnatal day 10, and samples were taken from the lung, liver, kidney, spleen and small intestine for histopathological examination. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the liver of the dam and the offspring.
Histopathological changes in the liver of the nicotine-exposed group showed portal inflammatory infiltrate, ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes, and focal necrosis in the parenchyma. Thickening of alveolar walls because of interstitial inflammation was noted in the lungs. Histopathological examination of kidney, spleen and small intestine tissue did not reveal any abnormality. In the experimental group, SOD and CAT activities were significantly decreased (p <0.001) but MDA levels were significantly increased (p <0.001) compared with the control group.
These results indicate that maternal nicotine exposure induces oxidative stress and causes detrimental histopathological changes in the lung and liver of lactating offspring.
已知尼古丁与婴幼儿的不良反应有关。它在母乳中浓缩并被婴儿吸收。本研究的目的是调查哺乳期母体接触尼古丁对母乳喂养的大鼠幼崽的影响。
在实验组（n = 6）中，分娩后给哺乳期母鼠给予尼古丁（2 mg/kg/天），并在哺乳期持续10天。对照组动物（n = 4）在相同时间段内接受生理盐水。在出生后第10天对哺乳大鼠称重并处死，从肺、肝、肾、脾和小肠采集样本进行组织病理学检查。测定母鼠和后代肝脏中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性以及丙二醛（MDA）水平。
尼古丁暴露组肝脏的组织病理学变化表现为门管区炎性浸润、肝细胞气球样变性和实质内局灶性坏死。肺脏可见由于间质炎症导致的肺泡壁增厚。肾脏、脾脏和小肠组织的组织病理学检查未发现任何异常。与对照组相比，实验组的SOD和CAT活性显著降低（p <0.001），但MDA水平显著升高（p <0.001）。
这些结果表明，母体接触尼古丁会诱导氧化应激，并导致哺乳期后代的肺和肝脏出现有害的组织病理学变化。
