Grützenmacher S, Robinson D M, Lang C, Lebe E, Knape U, Mlynski G
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany.
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2005;67(3):154-9. doi: 10.1159/000086017.
Abnormalities of the external shape of the nose are often felt as cosmetically disturbing. In many cases an additional hampering of the respiratory function of the nose is seen and causes pathological nasal airflow patterns. For the functional outcome of aesthetic-surgery of the nose, knowledge of nasal flow is essential. In the medical literature there are some discrepancies between the relationship of nasal shape and nasal flow. We investigated typical airflow patterns in different abnormalities of the external nose.
We performed fluid dynamic experiments on exact, anatomical nasal models and functional nasal models (so-called modified Mink boxes). We investigated the inspiratory flow pattern in nose-models with typical variations of the shape of the external nose.
There were typical airflow patterns for every external nasal abnormalities. The normal nose shows a disturbance of the streamlines over the entire nasal cavum. Under physiological flow velocities we find laminar and turbulent flow. The pathological variations of the nasal shape show mostly different airflow patterns and characteristics. The main reason for that is a deformed or anatomically false configurated inflow area (vestibulum, isthmus and anterior cavum). During rhinoplasty the reconstruction of the nasal inflow area has to be taken into account.
鼻外形异常常被认为在美容方面令人困扰。在许多情况下，还会出现鼻呼吸功能的额外障碍，并导致病理性鼻气流模式。对于鼻美容手术的功能效果而言，了解鼻气流至关重要。医学文献中，鼻外形与鼻气流之间的关系存在一些差异。我们研究了外鼻不同异常情况下的典型气流模式。
我们在精确的解剖学鼻模型和功能性鼻模型（所谓的改良明克箱）上进行了流体动力学实验。我们研究了具有典型外鼻形状变化的鼻模型中的吸气气流模式。
每种外鼻异常都有典型的气流模式。正常鼻在整个鼻腔内显示流线紊乱。在生理流速下，我们发现层流和湍流。鼻外形的病理变化大多显示出不同的气流模式和特征。其主要原因是流入区域（前庭、峡部和前鼻腔）变形或解剖结构错误。在隆鼻手术中，必须考虑鼻流入区域的重建。
