Hunt Nigel, Gakenyi Maha
Institute of Work, Health and Organisations, University of Nottingham, UK.
J Anxiety Disord. 2005;19(6):717-23. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2004.08.004.
The Bosnian War (1992-1995) led to millions of Bosnians being either internally displaced or seeking refuge in other countries. The present study compares the mental health status of refugees with people who were internally displaced. Questionnaires examining wartime experiences, traumatic symptoms and personality were administered to 190 Bosnians (69 refugees and 121 internally displaced). Refugees scored significantly higher on traumatic symptoms. Traumatic symptoms are related to harm avoidant personality traits. Certain war experiences were also associated with greater symptomatology. The findings show that there may be more serious longer-term psychological problems in people who are forced to leave their country during wartime. This may be linked to personality. There are social, political, and treatment implications of these findings.
波斯尼亚战争（1992 - 1995年）致使数百万波斯尼亚人在国内流离失所或逃往其他国家寻求庇护。本研究比较了难民与国内流离失所者的心理健康状况。对190名波斯尼亚人（69名难民和121名国内流离失所者）进行了调查战时经历、创伤症状和性格的问卷调查。难民在创伤症状方面得分显著更高。创伤症状与回避伤害型人格特质有关。某些战争经历也与更严重的症状相关。研究结果表明，战时被迫离开本国的人可能存在更严重的长期心理问题。这可能与人格有关。这些发现具有社会、政治和治疗方面的意义。
