Lee Duk-Hee, Anderson Kristin E, Folsom Aaron R, Jacobs David R
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
Int J Cancer. 2005 Nov 20;117(4):643-7. doi: 10.1002/ijc.21215.
We examined associations among dietary heme iron as a possible pro-oxidant, dietary zinc as a possible antioxidant, and the incidence of upper digestive tract cancer; 34,708 postmenopausal women, aged 55-69 years at baseline who completed a food frequency questionnaire, were followed 16 years. There were 75 upper digestive tract cancer cases (52 gastric cancer and 23 esophageal cancer). When heme iron and zinc were mutually adjusted, in dose-response manners, heme iron intake was positively associated with the risk of upper digestive tract cancer, while zinc intake was inversely associated with risk. After adjusting for age, total energy intake, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, relative risks for quintiles of heme iron intake were 1.0, 1.53, 2.15, 3.05 and 2.83 (p for trend = 0.06) and corresponding relative risks for zinc intake were 1.0, 0.86, 0.42, 0.37 and 0.13 (p for trend < 0.01). Additional adjustment for body mass index, physical activity, hormone replacement therapy, multivitamin intake and intake of saturated fat, vitamin C, vitamin E and folate did not change the results. Higher intake of heme iron is associated with higher risk, while higher intake of zinc is associated with lower, risk of upper digestive tract cancer.
我们研究了作为一种可能的促氧化剂的膳食血红素铁、作为一种可能的抗氧化剂的膳食锌与上消化道癌症发病率之间的关联；对34708名绝经后女性进行了为期16年的随访，这些女性在基线时年龄为55 - 69岁，完成了一份食物频率问卷。共有75例上消化道癌症病例（52例胃癌和23例食管癌）。当以剂量反应方式对血红素铁和锌进行相互调整后，血红素铁摄入量与上消化道癌症风险呈正相关，而锌摄入量与风险呈负相关。在调整年龄、总能量摄入、吸烟和饮酒因素后，血红素铁摄入量五分位数的相对风险分别为1.0、1.53、2.15、3.05和2.83（趋势p值 = 0.06），锌摄入量相应的相对风险分别为1.0、0.86、0.42、0.37和0.13（趋势p值 < 0.01）。进一步调整体重指数、身体活动、激素替代疗法、多种维生素摄入量以及饱和脂肪、维生素C、维生素E和叶酸的摄入量后，结果未改变。较高的血红素铁摄入量与较高风险相关，而较高的锌摄入量与较低的上消化道癌症风险相关。
