Rogers M A, Thomas D B, Davis S, Vaughan T L, Nevissi A E
Department of Preventive Medicine, SUNY Health Science Center, Syracuse, 13210.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1993 Jul-Aug;2(4):305-12.
A population-based case-control study was conducted in western Washington state to investigate possible dietary risk factors for laryngeal, esophageal, and oral cancers. Using results from a food frequency questionnaire, past dietary intakes of iron, zinc, and calcium were estimated for 661 cases and 466 controls. Clippings were also taken from the nails of both halluces to determine concentrations of iron, zinc, calcium, chromium, and cobalt in 507 of the cases and 434 of the controls. After adjustment for smoking, alcohol, and dietary beta-carotene and vitamin C intake, individuals who reported dietary intakes of iron and zinc in the upper quartile were less likely to develop cancers of the larynx and esophagus than were individuals with intakes in the lowest quartile [odds ratios (OR), 0.5 for iron and 0.1 for zinc]. However, there were no significant differences in zinc concentrations in nail tissue between subjects with these types of cancer and controls. Esophageal cancer cases had higher nail concentrations of iron and calcium than did controls (OR, 2.9 for high versus low quartiles of iron; OR, 2.6 for high versus low quartiles of calcium). Individuals who developed esophageal or oral cancer were more likely to have elevated cobalt concentrations in their nail tissue than were individuals without cancer (OR, 9.0 and 1.9 respectively, for high versus low quartiles). The results of this study suggest that there may be differences in mineral intake or metabolism between individuals who develop some carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract and those who do not.
在华盛顿州西部开展了一项基于人群的病例对照研究，以调查喉癌、食管癌和口腔癌可能的饮食风险因素。利用食物频率问卷调查结果，估算了661例病例和466例对照过去铁、锌和钙的饮食摄入量。还采集了双侧拇趾指甲样本，以测定507例病例和434例对照中铁、锌、钙、铬和钴的浓度。在对吸烟、饮酒以及饮食中β-胡萝卜素和维生素C摄入量进行调整后，报告铁和锌饮食摄入量处于上四分位数的个体，患喉癌和食管癌的可能性低于摄入量处于最低四分位数的个体[铁的比值比（OR）为0.5，锌的比值比为0.1]。然而，患这些类型癌症的受试者与对照之间，指甲组织中的锌浓度没有显著差异。食管癌病例的指甲中铁和钙的浓度高于对照（铁的高四分位数与低四分位数相比，OR为2.9；钙的高四分位数与低四分位数相比，OR为2.6）。患食管癌或口腔癌的个体，其指甲组织中的钴浓度高于未患癌症的个体（钴的高四分位数与低四分位数相比，OR分别为9.0和1.9）。这项研究的结果表明，上呼吸道消化道某些癌症患者与未患癌症者之间，在矿物质摄入或代谢方面可能存在差异。
