Barry Robert J
Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
Integr Physiol Behav Sci. 2004 Jul-Sep;39(3):166-79. doi: 10.1007/BF02734437.
Phasic and tonic measures of electrodermal activity were examined in a simple habituation paradigm, using innocuous visual stimuli. Separate groups were used to investigate the effects of stimulus significance, as manipulated by instructions. One group had no stimulus-related task (indifferent group), while the other was asked to silently count the stimuli to report to the experimenter later (significant group). Prestimulus skin conductance levels were considered as measures of the arousal level at each stimulus presentation, and the subsequent electrodermal responses were taken as the phasic orienting reflex (OR) elicited by each stimulus. Changes in prestimulus arousal were taken as measures of the tonic OR to the experimental series. Marked group differences were found in both phasic and tonic components of the OR. Some, but not all, of the significance effects in the phasic OR were attributable to differences in arousal. The results are discussed in the context of theoretical accounts of the OR.
在一个简单的习惯化范式中，使用无害的视觉刺激来检测皮肤电活动的相位和紧张性测量指标。通过不同的指导语来操纵刺激的显著性，分别用不同的组来研究其影响。一组没有与刺激相关的任务（无差别组），而另一组被要求默默数刺激次数以便之后向实验者报告（有意义组）。刺激前皮肤电导水平被视为每次刺激呈现时唤醒水平的指标，随后的皮肤电反应被视为由每个刺激引发的相位性定向反射（OR）。刺激前唤醒的变化被视为对实验系列的紧张性OR指标。在OR的相位和紧张性成分中均发现了显著的组间差异。相位性OR中的一些（但不是全部）显著性效应可归因于唤醒的差异。将结合OR的理论解释来讨论这些结果。
