Barry R J, Sokolov E N
School of Education Studies, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.
Int J Psychophysiol. 1993 Jul;15(1):39-42. doi: 10.1016/0167-8760(93)90093-5.
This study examined phasic and tonic measures of electrodermal activity in a simple habituation paradigm with innocuous visual stimuli. Prestimulus skin conductance levels were taken as measures of the arousal level existing at each stimulus presentation, and the subsequent electrodermal responses were taken as indices of the phasic orienting reflex (OR) elicited by each stimulus. The arousal level was considered as a tonic OR measure. Both the tonic and phasic ORs showed effects of trials. Arousal levels also showed an initial sensitization, as suggested by dual-process theory. After within-subject effects of arousal changes over trials were removed by simple regression analyses, novelty still remained as the major determinant of phasic OR magnitude. This finding is discussed in relation to the OR mechanism.
本研究在一个使用无害视觉刺激的简单习惯化范式中，考察了皮肤电活动的相位和紧张性测量指标。刺激前的皮肤电导水平被用作每次刺激呈现时存在的唤醒水平的测量指标，随后的皮肤电反应被用作由每个刺激引发的相位定向反射（OR）的指标。唤醒水平被视为一种紧张性OR测量指标。紧张性和相位性OR均显示出试验效应。正如双过程理论所表明的，唤醒水平也表现出初始的敏感化。通过简单回归分析去除试验中唤醒变化的被试内效应后，新奇性仍然是相位性OR大小的主要决定因素。结合OR机制对这一发现进行了讨论。
