化学示踪剂作为雨水排放口人类粪便大肠菌群的指标。
Chemical tracers as indicator of human fecal coliforms at storm water outfalls.
作者信息
Sankararamakrishnan Nalini, Guo Qizhong
机构信息
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 623 Bowser Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
出版信息
Environ Int. 2005 Oct;31(8):1133-40. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2005.04.002.
Indicators to distinguish between fecal coliforms of human and animal origin were investigated in water from storm sewer outfalls to a coastal lake during wet and dry weather. The ratio of fecal coliform relative to fecal streptococci count was used as the microbiological indicator. Concentrations of human-activities originated caffeine, anionic surfactant, fluoride, and fluorescence whitening agent (FWA) were used as chemical indicators. The ratio of fecal coliform to fecal streptococci ranged from 0.2 to 3.0, during wet weather making it difficult to interpret the origin of fecal pollution. However, concentrations of caffeine, anionic surfactant, fluoride, and FWA in storm water outflow during wet weather were much higher than those in the lake water during dry weather, indicating the presence of human waste at storm water outfall. Strong correlation between fecal coliform counts and chemical parameter values further indicated the human contribution to the fecal coliform count. In addition, a strong correlation among the chemical parameters suggested that only one of them is needed as chemical tracer to detect the presence of human input.
在潮湿和干燥天气期间，对从雨水排放口流入沿海湖泊的水中区分人和动物源粪大肠菌群的指标进行了调查。粪大肠菌群与粪链球菌计数的比率被用作微生物指标。源自人类活动的咖啡因、阴离子表面活性剂、氟化物和荧光增白剂（FWA）的浓度被用作化学指标。在潮湿天气期间，粪大肠菌群与粪链球菌的比率在0.2至3.0之间，这使得难以解释粪便污染的来源。然而，潮湿天气期间雨水流出物中咖啡因、阴离子表面活性剂、氟化物和FWA的浓度远高于干燥天气期间湖水中的浓度，表明雨水排放口存在人类粪便。粪大肠菌群计数与化学参数值之间的强相关性进一步表明人类对粪大肠菌群计数的贡献。此外，化学参数之间的强相关性表明，只需其中一个作为化学示踪剂即可检测到人类输入的存在。
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