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Brazil and access to HIV/AIDS drugs: a question of human rights and public health.巴西与获得抗艾滋病毒/艾滋病药物：人权与公共卫生问题
Am J Public Health. 2005 Jul;95(7):1110-6. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.044313. Epub 2005 Jun 2.
2
Changing global essential medicines norms to improve access to AIDS treatment: lessons from Brazil.改变全球基本药物规范以改善艾滋病治疗的可及性：来自巴西的经验教训
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3
We are all people living with AIDS: myths and realities of AIDS in Brazil.我们都是艾滋病患者：巴西艾滋病的 myths 与现实 。 （注：这里“myths”可根据语境灵活翻译，比如“误解”等 ，但由于未给出更明确的要求，暂保留英文）
Int J Health Serv. 1991;21(3):539-51. doi: 10.2190/LTJ1-089J-Q9TH-1CRA.
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Brazilian policy of universal access to AIDS treatment: sustainability challenges and perspectives.巴西普及艾滋病治疗政策：可持续性挑战与前景
AIDS. 2007 Jul;21 Suppl 4:S37-45. doi: 10.1097/01.aids.0000279705.24428.a3.
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A critical analysis of the Brazilian response to HIV/AIDS: lessons learned for controlling and mitigating the epidemic in developing countries.对巴西应对艾滋病毒/艾滋病情况的批判性分析：发展中国家控制和缓解该流行病的经验教训。
Am J Public Health. 2005 Jul;95(7):1162-72. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.054593. Epub 2005 Jun 2.
6
Access to treatment for HIV/AIDS: a human rights issue in the developing world.获得艾滋病毒/艾滋病治疗：发展中世界的一个人权问题。
Conn J Int Law. 2002 Spring;17(2):273-80.
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Dev World Bioeth. 2014 Aug;14(2):92-100. doi: 10.1111/dewb.12052. Epub 2014 May 29.
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Dev World Bioeth. 2014 Aug;14(2):83-91. doi: 10.1111/dewb.12050. Epub 2014 Apr 21.
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The deafening silence of AIDS.艾滋病令人震耳欲聋的沉默。
Health Hum Rights. 2000;5(1):7-24.

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Threat of compulsory licences could increase access to essential medicines.强制许可的威胁可能会增加基本药物的可及性。
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J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014 Sep 1;67(1):98-101. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000247.
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The global health financing revolution: why maternal health is missing the boat.全球卫生筹资革命：为何孕产妇健康被落下了。
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本文引用的文献

1
Public health. A global response to AIDS: lessons learned, next steps.公共卫生。全球应对艾滋病：经验教训与后续步骤。
Science. 2004 Jun 25;304(5679):1909-10. doi: 10.1126/science.1101137.
2
Public health in the new era: improving health through collective action.新时代的公共卫生：通过集体行动增进健康。
Lancet. 2004 Jun 19;363(9426):2084-6. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16461-1.
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Political violence and public health in Haiti.
N Engl J Med. 2004 Apr 8;350(15):1483-6. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp048081.
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Pills and promises--a personal account from Uganda.药片与承诺——来自乌干达的个人记述
Lancet. 2004 Mar 27;363(9414):1073. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15848-0.
5
Basing treatment on rights rather than ability to pay: 3 by 5.基于权利而非支付能力进行治疗：3乘5。 （但感觉这个翻译出来语义不太明确，可能原文有特定医学领域相关背景含义，仅按字面翻译如此。）
Lancet. 2004 Mar 27;363(9414):1071-2. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15846-7.
6
Viewpoint: the Brazilian HIV/AIDS 'success story'--can others do it?观点：巴西的艾滋病“成功案例”——其他国家能做到吗？
Trop Med Int Health. 2004 Feb;9(2):292-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.01188.x.
7
Access to antiretrovirals: where South Africa, China, and Brazil meet.抗逆转录病毒药物的可及性：南非、中国和巴西的交汇点
Lancet. 2004 Feb 7;363(9407):493. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15507-4.
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Tackling HIV in resource poor countries.在资源匮乏国家应对艾滋病病毒
BMJ. 2003 Nov 8;327(7423):1104-6. doi: 10.1136/bmj.327.7423.1104.
9
HIV-1 care in resource-poor settings: a view from Haiti.资源匮乏地区的HIV-1护理：来自海地的视角。
Lancet. 2003 Sep 20;362(9388):994-5. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14373-5.
10
Global health and university patents.全球健康与大学专利。
Science. 2003 Sep 19;301(5640):1629. doi: 10.1126/science.301.5640.1629.

巴西与获得抗艾滋病毒/艾滋病药物：人权与公共卫生问题

Brazil and access to HIV/AIDS drugs: a question of human rights and public health.

作者信息

Galvão Jane

机构信息

Institute for Global Health, University of California, San Francisco, USA.

出版信息

Am J Public Health. 2005 Jul;95(7):1110-6. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.044313. Epub 2005 Jun 2.

DOI:10.2105/AJPH.2004.044313
PMID:15933238
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1449327/
Abstract

I explore the relationship between public health and human rights by examining the Brazilian government's policy of free and universal access to anti-retroviral medicines for people with HIV/AIDS. The Brazilian government's management of the HIV/AIDS epidemic arose from initiatives in both civil society and the governmental sector following the democratization of the country. The dismantling of authoritarian rule in Brazil was accompanied by a strong orientation toward human rights, which formed the sociopolitical framework of Brazil's response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Even if the Brazilian experience cannot be easily transferred to other countries, the model of the Brazilian government's response may nonetheless serve as inspiration for finding appropriate and lifesaving solutions in other national contexts.

摘要

我通过审视巴西政府为艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者提供免费和普遍获得抗逆转录病毒药物的政策，来探讨公共卫生与人权之间的关系。巴西政府对艾滋病毒/艾滋病疫情的管理源于该国民主化之后民间社会和政府部门的倡议。巴西独裁统治的瓦解伴随着对人权的强烈关注，这构成了巴西应对艾滋病毒/艾滋病疫情的社会政治框架。即便巴西的经验无法轻易推广到其他国家，但巴西政府的应对模式仍可能为在其他国家背景下找到适当的救命解决方案提供启发。