Garg Satish K, Ellis Samuel L, Ulrich Heather
Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 E. 9th Ave. B140, Denver, CO 80262, USA.
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2005 Apr;6(4):643-51. doi: 10.1517/14656566.6.4.643.
Insulin glulisine (Apidra, Sanofi-Aventis), a new and recently approved rapid-acting insulin analogue, mimics the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of physiological human insulin, but has a rapid onset, peak effect at 1h, and a shorter duration of action (approximately 4 h). Its rapid-action properties are maintained across subject types. Formal clinical evaluations show that insulin glulisine can be administered safely and effectively pre- and postmeal. When injected immediately premeal, insulin glulisine provides superior postprandial blood glucose control compared with regular human insulin (RHI) injected 30 min premeal. These data highlight the flexibility in the dosing schedule with insulin glulisine. Clinical trials have demonstrated that insulin glulisine elicits a greater reduction in glycosylated haemoglobin at end point than RHI, in both type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, the safe administration of insulin glulisine by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion has been demonstrated in patients with type 1 diabetes. In conclusion, insulin glulisine is an effective, safe and well-tolerated rapid-acting insulin analogue.
赖脯胰岛素（Apidra，赛诺菲-安万特公司）是一种新的且最近获批的速效胰岛素类似物，它模拟生理性人胰岛素的药代动力学和药效学特征，但起效迅速，1小时达到峰值效应，作用持续时间较短（约4小时）。其速效特性在各类受试者中均能保持。正式临床评估表明，赖脯胰岛素在餐前和餐后给药均安全有效。与餐前30分钟注射的常规人胰岛素（RHI）相比，餐前立即注射赖脯胰岛素能提供更优的餐后血糖控制。这些数据凸显了赖脯胰岛素给药方案的灵活性。临床试验表明，在1型和2型糖尿病中，赖脯胰岛素在终点时糖化血红蛋白的降低幅度大于RHI。此外，1型糖尿病患者通过持续皮下胰岛素输注安全使用赖脯胰岛素也已得到证实。总之，赖脯胰岛素是一种有效、安全且耐受性良好的速效胰岛素类似物。
