儿童伤害死亡：比较两种编码系统中的预防信息。
Child injury deaths: comparing prevention information from two coding systems.
作者信息
Schnitzer Patricia G, Ewigman Bernard G
机构信息
Department of Family and Community Medicine, MA306, Medical Sciences Building, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65212, USA.
出版信息
J Pediatr Psychol. 2005 Jul-Aug;30(5):413-23. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsi065. Epub 2005 Feb 23.
OBJECTIVES
The International Classification of Disease (ICD) external cause of injury E-codes do not sufficiently identify injury circumstances amenable to prevention. The researchers developed an alternative classification system (B-codes) that incorporates behavioral and environmental factors, for use in childhood injury research, and compare the two coding systems in this paper.
METHODS
All fatal injuries among children less than age five that occurred between January 1, 1992, and December 31, 1994, were classified using both B-codes and E-codes.
RESULTS
E-codes identified the most common causes of injury death: homicide (24%), fires (21%), motor vehicle incidents (21%), drowning (10%), and suffocation (9%). The B-codes further revealed that homicides (51%) resulted from the child being shaken or struck by another person; many fires deaths (42%) resulted from children playing with matches or lighters; drownings (46%) usually occurred in natural bodies of water; and most suffocation deaths (68%) occurred in unsafe sleeping arrangements.
CONCLUSIONS
B-codes identify additional information with specific relevance for prevention of childhood injuries.
目的
国际疾病分类（ICD）的伤害外部原因E编码无法充分识别适合预防的伤害情况。研究人员开发了一种纳入行为和环境因素的替代分类系统（B编码），用于儿童伤害研究，并在本文中比较这两种编码系统。
方法
对1992年1月1日至1994年12月31日期间发生的所有5岁以下儿童的致命伤害，同时使用B编码和E编码进行分类。
结果
E编码确定了伤害死亡的最常见原因：凶杀（24%）、火灾（21%）、机动车事故（21%）、溺水（10%）和窒息（9%）。B编码进一步显示，凶杀（51%）是由于儿童被他人摇晃或击打所致；许多火灾死亡（42%）是由于儿童玩弄火柴或打火机；溺水（46%）通常发生在天然水体中；大多数窒息死亡（68%）发生在不安全的睡眠环境中。
结论
B编码识别出了与预防儿童伤害具有特定相关性的额外信息。
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