The problem of pain in children with cancer: a research review.

Pain in a child with cancer poses significant challenges for nurses. However, little research has been conducted in the area of pediatric cancer pain to guide clinical assessments and interventions. The purpose of this paper is to present a review of the research studies conducted on pediatric cancer pain over 13-1/2 years. The review of the cancer pain research studies is organized around several concepts that include approaches to cancer pain assessment and management as well as the presentation, incidence, and etiology of pain associated with childhood malignancy. Relevant clinical findings from the review of the literature are highlighted. Emphasis is on the major nursing implications from these studies, and suggestions are made for future nursing research.