Yoshida Yoshinobu
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Cytopathology Center, Medic Co., Shiga, Japan [corrected]
Med Mol Morphol. 2005 Jun;38(2):104-11. doi: 10.1007/s00795-004-0258-z.
Remarkable secretion from the syncytial trophoblast of chorionic villi was observed in early pregnancy. Histology and histochemistry revealed many cytoplasmic protrusions containing numerous secretory granules, which were of basophilic glycoprotein in nature. Also, immunohistochemistry proved that these were human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Electron microscopy clarified the overall secretory process, which started with the production of small granules in the Golgi complex; then, the granules migrated toward the cell surface, increasing their size by fusing with each other, and gathered in cytoplasmic protrusions, then liquefied to be liberated by a mode of exocytosis into the maternal bloodstream (intervillous space). This remarkable hCG secretion, morphologically represented by the many cytoplasmic protrusions containing numerous secretory granules, arose synchronously on the surface of almost all chorionic villi. This phenomenon was limited to the eighth and ninth weeks of gestation, concurring with the maximal hCG concentration of maternal blood serum during pregnancy.
在妊娠早期观察到绒毛膜绒毛合体滋养层有显著分泌。组织学和组织化学显示许多细胞质突起含有大量分泌颗粒，其本质为嗜碱性糖蛋白。此外，免疫组织化学证明这些是人类绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）。电子显微镜阐明了整个分泌过程，该过程始于高尔基体复合体中产生小颗粒；然后，颗粒向细胞表面迁移，通过相互融合而增大尺寸，并聚集在细胞质突起中，随后液化并通过胞吐作用方式释放到母体血流（绒毛间隙）中。这种以含有大量分泌颗粒的许多细胞质突起为形态学表现的显著hCG分泌，几乎在所有绒毛膜绒毛表面同步出现。这种现象仅限于妊娠的第八和第九周，与孕期母体血清中hCG的最大浓度一致。
