Moos Rudolf H, Moos Bernice S
Center for Health Care Evaluation (152-MPD), Department of Veterans Affairs and Stanford University, 795 Willow Road, Menlo Park, Palo Alto, CA 94025, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2005 Dec 12;80(3):337-47. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.05.001. Epub 2005 Jun 8.
This study examined changes over a 16-year interval and predictors of stable remission among previously untreated individuals with alcohol-use disorders who did not obtain help or who entered either alcoholics anonymous (AA) or professional treatment in the first year after initially seeking help.
A sample of individuals (N = 461) who initiated help-seeking was surveyed at baseline and 1, 3, 8, and 16 years later. In addition to providing information on life history of drinking at each contact point, participants described their current alcohol-related and psychosocial functioning and life context, and coping responses.
Irrespective of whether or not individuals obtained help, their alcohol-related functioning, life context, and coping improved. However, individuals who obtained help (AA or treatment) in the first year improved more and were more likely to achieve stable remission than those who did not. Nevertheless, the factors associated with stable remission were comparable for individuals who did and those who did not obtain timely help.
Compared with individuals who do not obtain timely help, those who enter either AA or treatment relatively soon after initiating help-seeking improve more quickly and achieve higher long-term remission rates.
本研究调查了16年间未接受治疗的酒精使用障碍患者的变化情况，以及那些未寻求帮助或在首次寻求帮助后的第一年进入匿名戒酒会（AA）或接受专业治疗的患者实现稳定缓解的预测因素。
对461名开始寻求帮助的个体样本在基线时以及1年、3年、8年和16年后进行了调查。除了在每个接触点提供饮酒生活史信息外，参与者还描述了他们当前与酒精相关的功能、心理社会功能和生活背景以及应对反应。
无论个体是否获得帮助，他们与酒精相关的功能、生活背景和应对方式都有所改善。然而，在第一年获得帮助（参加AA或接受治疗）的个体比未获得帮助的个体改善得更多，并且更有可能实现稳定缓解。尽管如此，获得及时帮助和未获得及时帮助的个体中，与稳定缓解相关的因素是相当的。
与未获得及时帮助的个体相比，在开始寻求帮助后相对较快地进入AA或接受治疗的个体改善得更快，并且实现更高的长期缓解率。
