Barrett T, Crowther J, Osterhaus A D, Subbarao S M, Groen J, Haas L, Mamaev L V, Titenko A M, Visser I K, Bostock C J
Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Surrey, UK.
Sci Total Environ. 1992 Apr 20;115(1-2):117-32. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(92)90037-s.
The virus epizootics which occurred in seals in both Europe and Siberia during 1987/1988 were caused by two different morbilliviruses, referred to as phocid distemper virus (PDV) 1 and 2, respectively. Molecular and serological studies have shown that the European virus is quite distinct from canine distemper virus (CDV), its closest relative in the morbillivirus group. Analysis of tissues obtained from infected seals from a wide geographical distribution over Northern Europe showed that the infectious agent (PDV 1) was identical in all cases. Nucleotide sequence analysis of one of the virus genes suggested that this virus has evolved away from CDV over a long time period and is most probably an enzootic virus of marine mammals. In contrast, the virus (PDV 2) which caused the deaths of many Siberian seals was indistinguishable, both serologically and at the molecular level, from CDV and must have originated from a land source.
1987/1988年期间在欧洲和西伯利亚海豹身上发生的病毒流行是由两种不同的麻疹病毒引起的，分别称为海豹瘟热病毒（PDV）1型和2型。分子和血清学研究表明，欧洲病毒与其在麻疹病毒组中关系最密切的犬瘟热病毒（CDV）截然不同。对来自北欧广泛地理区域的受感染海豹的组织分析表明，所有病例中的病原体（PDV 1型）都是相同的。对该病毒的一个基因进行核苷酸序列分析表明，这种病毒在很长一段时间内已经从CDV进化而来，很可能是海洋哺乳动物的一种地方流行性病毒。相比之下，导致许多西伯利亚海豹死亡的病毒（PDV 2型）在血清学和分子水平上与CDV无法区分，并且肯定起源于陆地来源。
