Norrix Linda W, Plante Elena, Vance Rebecca
Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210071, Tucson, AZ 85721-0071, USA.
J Commun Disord. 2006 Jan-Feb;39(1):22-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2005.05.003. Epub 2005 Jun 13.
Auditory and auditory-visual (AV) speech perception skills were examined in adults with and without language-learning disabilities (LLD). The AV stimuli consisted of congruent consonant-vowel syllables (auditory and visual syllables matched in terms of syllable being produced) and incongruent McGurk syllables (auditory syllable differed from visual syllable). Although the identification of the auditory and congruent AV syllables was comparable for the two groups, the reaction times to identify all syllables were longer in the LLD compared to the control group. This finding is consistent with previous research demonstrating slower processing in learning disabled individuals. Adults with LLD also provided significantly fewer integration-type or McGurk responses compared with their normal peers when presented with speech tokens representing a mismatch between the auditory and visual signal. These results suggest the poor integration for auditory-visual speech previously documented in children with poor language skills also occurs in adults with LLD.
The reader will be able to (1) describe the McGurk effect; (2) describe group differences (language learning disabled and control adults) in auditory and auditory-visual speech perception of consonant-vowel syllables.
对有和没有语言学习障碍（LLD）的成年人的听觉及视听（AV）言语感知技能进行了检查。视听刺激包括一致的辅音 - 元音音节（听觉和视觉音节在发音的音节方面相匹配）和不一致的麦格克音节（听觉音节与视觉音节不同）。尽管两组对听觉和一致的视听音节的识别能力相当，但与对照组相比，LLD组识别所有音节的反应时间更长。这一发现与先前的研究一致，该研究表明学习障碍个体的处理速度较慢。当向有LLD的成年人呈现代表听觉和视觉信号不匹配的言语标记时，与正常同龄人相比，他们给出的整合型或麦格克反应也明显更少。这些结果表明，先前在语言技能较差的儿童中记录到的视听言语整合不良现象在有LLD的成年人中也存在。
读者将能够（1）描述麦格克效应；（2）描述（有语言学习障碍的成年人和对照成年人）在辅音 - 元音音节的听觉和视听言语感知方面的组间差异。
