Wang J, Ahani A, Pogrel M A
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 521 Parnassus Avenue, Box 0440, San Francisco, CA 94143-0440, USA.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005 Sep;34(6):646-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2005.03.001.
The aim of this study was to analyze the etiology, presentation, management and outcome of odontogenic maxillofacial infections seen in an urban population that has only one major public hospital, which is also the only level I trauma center. All patients admitted to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service of San Francisco General Hospital with odontogenic infections over a 5-year period were included. Age, gender, site of infection, investigations performed, treatment carried out and outcomes were studied. Length of hospital stay and any readmissions were also noted. A total of 250 patients were admitted with maxillofacial infections, and in 157 cases the infection was odontogenic in origin. Males outnumbered females (102:55). Children had a preponderance of maxillary buccal infections whilst adults had more mandibular infections. Hospital stays ranged from 1 to 23 days, and only one patient required re-admission. A wide range of antibiotics were prescribed and 122 patients required dental extractions. Odontogenic maxillofacial infections are a public and personal health issue with potential life-threatening complications. This study identifies potential risk factors and suggests that early dental extraction, incision and drainage, coupled with intravenous antibiotic therapy, is the most effective treatment. Antibiotic therapy can be empirical since in no case where cultures were performed did this alter the antibiotic management.
本研究的目的是分析在仅有一家大型公立医院（该医院也是唯一的一级创伤中心）的城市人口中，牙源性颌面感染的病因、临床表现、治疗方法及治疗结果。纳入了旧金山总医院口腔颌面外科在5年期间收治的所有牙源性感染患者。研究了患者的年龄、性别、感染部位、进行的检查、实施的治疗及治疗结果。还记录了住院时间及再次入院情况。共有250例患者因颌面感染入院，其中157例感染源于牙源性。男性多于女性（102:55）。儿童以上颌颊侧感染为主，而成人以下颌感染为主。住院时间为1至23天，只有1例患者需要再次入院。使用了多种抗生素，122例患者需要拔牙。牙源性颌面感染是一个公共和个人健康问题，可能会引发危及生命的并发症。本研究确定了潜在风险因素，并表明早期拔牙、切开引流，联合静脉抗生素治疗是最有效的治疗方法。抗生素治疗可以是经验性的，因为在所有进行培养的病例中，培养结果均未改变抗生素的使用。
