Werch Chudley, Jobli Edessa, Moore Michele J, DiClemente Carlo C, Dore Heather, Brown C Hendricks
Addictive & Health Behaviors Research Institute, Department of Health Education & Behavior, University of Florida, Jacksonville, Florida 32216-6241, USA.
J Stud Alcohol. 2005 Mar;66(2):284-90. doi: 10.15288/jsa.2005.66.284.
The objective of this study was to develop and test a brief, experimental alcohol preventive intervention matched to the use of specific alcohol beverages among adolescents.
A total of 232 high school students who drank within the last year participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental intervention or a minimal intervention control. Four-month postintervention data are reported.
Overall multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVAs) were significant (p's < .05) on risk factors (influenceability, perceived severity, perceived susceptibility and perceived peer prevalence) for three of six beverages (beer, wine and distilled spirits), with a fourth, malt liquor, approaching significance (p = .06). These tests showed intervention adolescents experiencing less risk for alcohol use than control adolescents. In addition, whereas the overall MANCOVA for malt liquor use was not significant, univariate analyses were significant for 30-day frequency (F = 5.69, 1/195 df, p = .01) and 30-day quantity of malt liquor use (F = 4.03, 1/195 df, p = .04) with intervention adolescents showing less consumption than control adolescents. A post hoc analysis examining differential intervention effects using preintervention drug use as a factor (i.e., 30-day cigarette or marijuana use) showed a significant overall factorial MANCOVA interaction (F = 6.90, 4/189 df, p = .000), with drug-using intervention adolescents consuming cigarettes and marijuana less frequently than drug-using control adolescents at postintervention.
The findings of this study suggest the brief, beverage-tailored intervention reduced certain risk factors mediating individual alcohol beverage use and consumption of malt liquor (4 months after intervention) and may have reduced the frequency of cigarette and marijuana use among those already using drugs.
本研究的目的是开发并测试一种简短的、实验性的酒精预防干预措施，该措施与青少年特定酒精饮料的使用相匹配。
共有232名在过去一年中饮酒的高中生参与了本研究。参与者被随机分配到实验干预组或最小干预对照组。报告了干预后四个月的数据。
对六种饮料中的三种（啤酒、葡萄酒和蒸馏酒）的风险因素（易受影响性、感知严重性、感知易感性和感知同伴流行率）进行的总体多变量协方差分析（MANCOVA）具有显著性（p值<0.05），第四种麦芽酒接近显著性（p = 0.06）。这些测试表明，与对照组青少年相比，干预组青少年饮酒的风险更低。此外，虽然麦芽酒使用的总体MANCOVA不显著，但单变量分析显示，干预组青少年在30天使用频率（F = 5.69，1/195 df，p = 0.01）和30天麦芽酒使用量（F = 4.03，1/195 df，p = 0.04）方面具有显著性，且干预组青少年的消费量低于对照组青少年。一项事后分析以干预前的药物使用情况（即30天吸烟或使用大麻情况）为因素来检验差异干预效果，结果显示总体析因MANCOVA存在显著交互作用（F = 6.90，4/189 df，p = 0.000），干预后，使用药物的干预组青少年吸烟和使用大麻的频率低于使用药物的对照组青少年。
本研究结果表明，这种简短的、针对饮料的干预措施降低了介导个体酒精饮料使用和麦芽酒消费的某些风险因素（干预后4个月），并且可能降低了已使用药物者的吸烟和使用大麻频率。
