Galluccio Lissa, Rovee-Collier Carolyn
Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8020, USA.
Dev Psychobiol. 2005 Jul;47(1):18-30. doi: 10.1002/dev.20072.
Previous attempts to modify a reactivated memory by passively exposing infants to a novel cue immediately after reactivation were unsuccessful. Presently, we examined other conditions in which passive exposure to a novel cue immediately after reactivation might modify the memory. In three experiments, sixty-two 3-month-olds learned to move a distinctive mobile by kicking, forgot the training memory, and then received a reminder that reactivated it. Immediately afterward, they were passively exposed to a novel mobile. We found that passive exposure to novel information could modify reactivated memories that were older or had been reactivated before. Although exposure to a novel mobile occasionally produced only retroactive interference, memory modification never occurred alone, suggesting that response suppression to the original cue is prerequisite for the modification of reactivated memories. We propose that memory distortion (modification) is not an anomaly but is an adaptive, updating mechanism that ensures that behavior will be guided by memories containing contemporaneous information.
以往试图通过在记忆重新激活后立即让婴儿被动接触新线索来修改重新激活的记忆的尝试均未成功。目前，我们研究了其他一些条件，即在重新激活后立即被动接触新线索可能会修改记忆的情况。在三个实验中，62名3个月大的婴儿学会了通过踢腿来移动一个独特的活动物体，忘记了训练记忆，然后收到一个提示使其重新激活。之后，他们被被动地接触到一个新的活动物体。我们发现，被动接触新信息可以修改较旧的或之前已被重新激活的重新激活记忆。虽然接触新的活动物体偶尔只会产生倒摄干扰，但记忆修改从未单独发生，这表明对原始线索的反应抑制是重新激活记忆修改的先决条件。我们提出，记忆扭曲（修改）并非异常现象，而是一种适应性的更新机制，可确保行为由包含同期信息的记忆引导。
