Sintasath David M, Ghebremeskel Tewolde, Lynch Matthew, Kleinau Eckhard, Bretas Gustavo, Shililu Josephat, Brantly Eugene, Graves Patricia M, Beier John C
Health and Child Survival Fellows Program, Johns Hopkins University, USAID/Eritrea.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005 Jun;72(6):682-7.
A parasitological cross-sectional survey was undertaken from September 2000 through February 2001 to estimate the prevalence of malaria parasitemia in Eritrea. A total of 12,937 individuals from 176 villages were screened for both Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax parasite species using the OptiMal Rapid Diagnostic Test. Malaria prevalence was generally low but highly focal and variable with the proportion of parasitemia at 2.2% (range: 0.4% to 6.5%). Despite no significant differences in age or sex-specific prevalence rates, 7% of households accounted for the positive cases and 90% of these were P. falciparum. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that mud walls were positively associated with malaria infection (OR [odds ratio] = 1.6 [95% CI: 1.2, 2.2], P < 0.008). For countries with low and seasonal malaria transmission, such information can help programs design improved strategic interventions.
2000年9月至2001年2月进行了一项寄生虫学横断面调查，以估计厄立特里亚疟疾寄生虫血症的流行情况。使用OptiMal快速诊断检测对来自176个村庄的12937人进行了恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫物种筛查。疟疾流行率总体较低，但高度呈局部性且变化较大，寄生虫血症比例为2.2%（范围：0.4%至6.5%）。尽管年龄或性别特异性流行率无显著差异，但7%的家庭出现了阳性病例，其中90%为恶性疟原虫。多变量回归分析显示，泥墙与疟疾感染呈正相关（比值比[OR]=1.6[95%置信区间：1.2,2.2]，P<0.008）。对于疟疾传播率低且呈季节性的国家，此类信息有助于项目设计改进的战略干预措施。
