Zetu Laura, Wang Hom-Lay
Department of Peridontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
J Clin Periodontol. 2005 Jul;32(7):831-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2005.00748.x.
The aims of this paper are to review and compare existing techniques for creation of interdental/interimplant papillae, to address factors that may influence its appearance and to present an approach that authors developed that could help clinicians to manage and recreate the interproximal papillae.
Papers related to interdental and interimplant papillae published over the last 30 years were selected and analyzed.
Thorough treatment planning is essential for maintenance of the height of the interproximal papillae following tooth removal. The key for achieving an esthetically pleasing outcome is the clinicians' ability of properly managing/creating interdental/interimplant papillae. Bone support is the foundation for any soft tissue existence, techniques such as socket augmentation, orthodontic extrusion, guided bone regeneration, onlay graft and distraction osteogenesis are often used for this purpose. Soft tissue grafts as well as esthetic mimic restorations can also be used to enhance the esthetic outcomes.
An esthetic triangle is developed to address the foundations that are essential for maintaining/creating papilla. These include adequate bone volume, proper soft tissue thickness as well as esthetic appearing restorations.
本文旨在回顾和比较现有的用于形成牙间/种植体间乳头的技术，探讨可能影响其外观的因素，并介绍作者开发的一种方法，该方法可帮助临床医生处理和重建邻间乳头。
选取并分析过去30年发表的与牙间和种植体间乳头相关的论文。
拔牙后，全面的治疗计划对于维持邻间乳头的高度至关重要。实现美观效果的关键在于临床医生妥善处理/形成牙间/种植体间乳头的能力。骨支持是任何软组织存在的基础，诸如牙槽窝增量、正畸牵引、引导骨再生、骨膜下植入和牵张成骨等技术常为此目的而使用。软组织移植以及美学模拟修复也可用于提高美学效果。
构建了一个美学三角，以阐述维持/形成乳头所必需的基础要素。这些要素包括足够的骨量、合适的软组织厚度以及外观美观的修复体。
