Wenzel Amy, Finstrom Nicholas, Jordan Jennifer, Brendle Jennifer R
Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-8380, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2005 Aug;43(8):1029-44. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2004.07.004. Epub 2004 Sep 23.
The present study was designed to replicate and extend results reported by Brendle and Wenzel (Behav. Res. Ther. 42 (2004) 155), who found that socially anxious individuals accurately recalled threat-relevant information but subsequently imposed a biased interpretation upon that same material, using more ecologically valid stimuli. Socially anxious (n=37) and nonanxious (n=47) individuals viewed two positive, two negative, and two neutral video vignettes and completed two cognitive tasks assessing memory and interpretation of factual details immediately and after 48 h. Similar to the results reported by Brendle and Wenzel (2004), socially anxious and nonanxious individuals did not differ in their memory for details that had been presented in the vignettes. However, socially anxious individuals made more negative interpretations of details included in the vignettes than nonanxious individuals, although unlike Brendle and Wenzel (2004), they did not demonstrate the tendency to make less positive interpretations. It is concluded that socially anxious individuals are characterized by interpretation biases when presented with threat-relevant information, and there is no evidence to suggest that they are characterized by memory biases for threat-relevant information.
本研究旨在复制并扩展布伦德尔和温泽尔（《行为研究与治疗》，42卷，2004年，第155页）所报告的结果，他们发现社交焦虑个体能够准确回忆与威胁相关的信息，但随后会对相同的材料进行有偏差的解读，本研究采用了更具生态效度的刺激。社交焦虑个体（n = 37）和非焦虑个体（n = 47）观看了两段积极、两段消极和两段中性的视频短片，并在观看后立即以及48小时后完成了两项认知任务，以评估对事实细节的记忆和解读。与布伦德尔和温泽尔（2004年）所报告的结果相似，社交焦虑个体和非焦虑个体对短片中呈现的细节的记忆没有差异。然而，社交焦虑个体对短片中包含的细节的负面解读比非焦虑个体更多，尽管与布伦德尔和温泽尔（2004年）不同的是，他们没有表现出做出较少积极解读的倾向。研究得出结论，社交焦虑个体在面对与威胁相关的信息时具有解读偏差的特征，并且没有证据表明他们在与威胁相关的信息方面存在记忆偏差。
