Lin Wan-Chin, Chien John-Tung, Chen Bing-Huei
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen University, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Jun 29;53(13):5144-9. doi: 10.1021/jf050664y.
The objectives of this study were to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography method for analysis of carotenoids in spear shrimp shells (Parapenaeopsis hardwickii) and to compare the extraction efficiency of carotenoids by supercritical carbon dioxide (SCD) and solvents. Results showed that the most appropriate HPLC method was accomplished by employing a Cosmosil 5C18-AR-II column and a mobile phase of methanol-dichloromethane-acetonitrile (90:5:5, v/v/v) (A) and water (100%) (B) with the following gradient elution: 92% A and 8% B in the beginning, decreased to 4% B in 9.5 min, 1% B in 26 min, 0% B in 35 min, maintained for 25 min, and returned to 92% A and 8% B in 61 min. All-trans-astaxanthin and its two cis isomers, as well as five astaxanthin monoesters and 11 diesters were resolved within 60 min with a flow rate at 2 mL/min and detection at 480 nm. Astaxanthin diesters were found to contain 12 fatty acids, of which palmitic acid and stearic acid constituted a large portion, whereas astaxanthin monoesters were found to contain 10 fatty acids with arachidonic acid dominating. Solvent extraction could generate a higher content of trans-astaxanthin and astaxanthin esters, while SCD extraction could produce greater levels of 9-cis-astaxanthin and 13-cis-astaxanthin.
本研究的目的是开发一种高效液相色谱法用于分析矛尾对虾（Parapenaeopsis hardwickii）虾壳中的类胡萝卜素，并比较超临界二氧化碳（SCD）和溶剂对类胡萝卜素的提取效率。结果表明，最合适的高效液相色谱法是采用Cosmosil 5C18 - AR - II柱，流动相为甲醇 - 二氯甲烷 - 乙腈（90:5:5，v/v/v）（A）和水（100%）（B），采用以下梯度洗脱：开始时为92% A和8% B，9.5分钟时降至4% B，26分钟时降至1% B，35分钟时降至0% B，保持25分钟，61分钟时回到92% A和8% B。全反式虾青素及其两种顺式异构体，以及五种虾青素单酯和十一种二酯在60分钟内分离，流速为2 mL/min，检测波长为480 nm。发现虾青素二酯含有12种脂肪酸，其中棕榈酸和硬脂酸占很大比例，而虾青素单酯含有10种脂肪酸，以花生四烯酸为主。溶剂萃取可产生较高含量的反式虾青素和虾青素酯，而SCD萃取可产生较高水平的9 - 顺式虾青素和13 - 顺式虾青素。
