Saunders Steven W, Schache Anthony, Rath David, Hodges Paul W
Division of Physiotherapy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2005 Oct;20(8):784-93. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2005.04.004.
Control of the trunk is critical for locomotor efficiency. However, investigations of trunk muscle activity and three-dimensional lumbo-pelvic kinematics during walking and running remain scarce.
Gait parameters and three-dimensional lumbo-pelvic kinematics were recorded in seven subjects. Electromyography recordings of abdominal and paraspinal muscles were made using fine-wire and surface electrodes as subjects walked on a treadmill at 1 and 2 ms(-1) and ran at 2, 3, 4 and 5 ms(-1).
Kinematic data indicate that the amplitude but not timing of lumbo-pelvic motion changes with locomotor speed. Conversely, a change in locomotor mode is associated with temporal but not spatial adaptation in neuromotor strategy. That is, peak transverse plane lumbo-pelvic rotation occurs at foot strike during walking but prior to foot strike during running. Despite this temporal change, there is a strong correlation between the amplitude of transverse plane lumbo-pelvic rotation and stride length during walking and running. In addition, lumbo-pelvic motion was asymmetrical during all locomotor tasks. Trunk muscle electromyography occurred biphasically in association with foot strike. Transversus abdominis was tonically active with biphasic modulation. Consistent with the kinematic data, electromyography activity of the abdominal muscles and the superficial fibres of multifidus increased with locomotor speed, and timing of peak activity of superficial multifidus and obliquus externus abdominis was modified in association with the temporal adaptation in lumbo-pelvic motion with changes in locomotor mode.
These data provide evidence of the association between lumbo-pelvic motion and trunk muscle activity during locomotion at different speeds and modes.
躯干控制对于运动效率至关重要。然而，关于步行和跑步过程中躯干肌肉活动及三维腰骨盆运动学的研究仍然匮乏。
记录了7名受试者的步态参数和三维腰骨盆运动学数据。当受试者在跑步机上以1和2米/秒的速度行走以及以2、3、4和5米/秒的速度跑步时，使用细线电极和表面电极记录腹部和椎旁肌的肌电图。
运动学数据表明，腰骨盆运动的幅度随运动速度而变化，但时间并未改变。相反，运动模式的改变与神经运动策略的时间适应性相关，而与空间适应性无关。也就是说，腰骨盆在横轴平面的峰值旋转在步行时发生于足跟着地时，而在跑步时发生于足跟着地之前。尽管存在这种时间上的变化，但在步行和跑步过程中，腰骨盆在横轴平面的旋转幅度与步幅之间存在很强的相关性。此外，在所有运动任务中，腰骨盆运动都是不对称的。躯干肌肉肌电图与足跟着地相关呈双相变化。腹横肌持续活跃并伴有双相调制。与运动学数据一致，随着运动速度的增加，腹部肌肉和多裂肌表层纤维的肌电图活动增强，并且随着运动模式的改变，多裂肌表层和腹外斜肌峰值活动的时间与腰骨盆运动的时间适应性相关。
这些数据为不同速度和模式运动过程中腰骨盆运动与躯干肌肉活动之间的关联提供了证据。
