Sanderson Penelope M, Watson Marcus O, Russell W John
ARC Key Centre for Human Factors and Applied Cognitive Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia 4072.
Anesth Analg. 2005 Jul;101(1):161-8, table of contents. doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000154080.67496.AE.
We reviewed the use of advanced display technologies for monitoring in anesthesia. Researchers are investigating displays that integrate information and that, in some cases, also deliver the results continuously to the anesthesiologist. Integrated visual displays reveal higher-order properties of patient state and speed in responding to events, but their benefits under an intensely timeshared load is unknown. Head-mounted displays seem to shorten the time to respond to changes, but their impact on peripheral awareness and attention is unknown. Continuous auditory displays extending pulse oximetry seem to shorten response times and improve the ability to timeshare other tasks, but their integration into the already noisy operative environment still needs to be tested. We reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of the three approaches, drawing on findings from other fields, such as aviation, to suggest outcomes where there are still no results for the anesthesia context. Proving that advanced patient monitoring displays improve patient outcomes is difficult, and a more realistic goal is probably to prove that such displays lead to better situational awareness, earlier responding, and less workload, all of which keep anesthesia practice away from the outer boundaries of safe operation.
我们回顾了用于麻醉监测的先进显示技术。研究人员正在研究整合信息的显示器，在某些情况下，这些显示器还会持续向麻醉医生传递结果。集成视觉显示器能揭示患者状态的高阶属性并加快对事件的响应速度，但它们在高度分时负载下的益处尚不清楚。头戴式显示器似乎能缩短对变化的响应时间，但其对周边意识和注意力的影响尚不清楚。扩展脉搏血氧饱和度的连续听觉显示器似乎能缩短响应时间并提高同时处理其他任务的能力，但它们在本就嘈杂的手术环境中的整合仍需测试。我们借鉴航空等其他领域的研究结果，回顾了这三种方法的优缺点，以提出在麻醉领域尚无结果的情况下可能出现的结果。证明先进的患者监测显示器能改善患者预后很困难，一个更现实的目标可能是证明此类显示器能带来更好的态势感知、更快的响应以及更低的工作量，所有这些都能使麻醉操作远离安全操作的边界。
