The handheld drill has been used as a conventional surgical tool for centuries. Alongside the recent successes of surgical robots, the development of new and enhanced medical drills has improved surgeon ability without requiring the high cost and consuming setup times that plague medical robot systems. This work provides an overview of enhanced handheld surgical drill research focusing on systems that include some form of image guidance and do not require additional hardware that physically supports or guides drilling. Drilling is reviewed by main contribution divided into audio-, visual-, or hardware-enhanced drills. A vision for future work to enhance handheld drilling systems is also discussed.