Fitzgerald Monica M, Shipman Kimberly L, Jackson Joan L, McMahon Robert J, Hanley Honora M
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, 30602-3013, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2005 Jun;29(6):661-81. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2004.10.012.
Although women with histories of child sexual abuse (CSA) perceive themselves as less competent mothers and report greater parenting difficulties than nonabused women, few investigators have actually observed the parenting behaviors of CSA survivors. The primary aim of this study was to examine whether incest history was related to maternal perceptions of parenting efficacy and interactional patterns with their children. The secondary aim of this study was to explore the constructs of internal working models of relationships and maternal psychological adjustment as potential mediators of the relation between incest history and parenting.
A community sample of 17 incest survivors, 18 nonabused women and their 3-6 year-old children participated. Mothers completed self-report measures of parenting efficacy, parental bonding (i.e., internal working models of relationships), and psychological adjustment. In addition, mothers interacted with their children in a problem-solving task.
Although incest survivors reported less parenting self-efficacy than did nonabused mothers, their interactional styles with their children were positive overall and comparable to those of nonabused mothers. Specifically, survivors displayed moderate to high levels of support, assistance, and confidence, and their children showed high levels of affection towards their mothers. Incest survivors reported less bonding with their own mothers in childhood and poorer current psychological adjustment.
Findings suggest that incest survivors' perceptions of their parenting abilities may be more negative than their actual parenting behaviors.
尽管有儿童性虐待（CSA）史的女性认为自己作为母亲的能力较差，且报告称比未受虐待的女性在养育子女方面困难更大，但很少有研究者实际观察过CSA幸存者的养育行为。本研究的主要目的是检验乱伦史是否与母亲对养育效能的认知以及与子女的互动模式有关。本研究的次要目的是探讨关系的内部工作模型和母亲心理调适的构念，作为乱伦史与养育之间关系的潜在中介因素。
选取了17名乱伦幸存者、18名未受虐待的女性及其3至6岁的子女作为社区样本。母亲们完成了关于养育效能、亲子联结（即关系的内部工作模型）和心理调适的自我报告测量。此外，母亲们与子女在一项解决问题的任务中进行互动。
尽管乱伦幸存者报告的养育自我效能感低于未受虐待的母亲，但她们与子女的互动风格总体上是积极的，与未受虐待的母亲相当。具体而言，幸存者表现出中等到高水平的支持、帮助和信心，她们的孩子对母亲表现出高度的喜爱。乱伦幸存者报告称童年时期与自己母亲的联结较少，且目前的心理调适较差。
研究结果表明，乱伦幸存者对自己养育能力的认知可能比其实际养育行为更为消极。
