McNamara Martin S
School of Nursing & Midwifery, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2005 Aug;42(6):695-704. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2005.02.002.
Phenomenological research in nursing has come under sustained attack in recent years with some nurse researchers accused of betraying the fundamental tenets of phenomenology and of misconstruing its key concepts. This paper aims to show how a study informed by the critique of 'nursing phenomenology' was designed and conducted. In particular, the implications of the key phenomenological concepts of intentionality and bracketing for data collection, data analysis and the presentation of findings are explored in relation to an investigation of the concept of the Clinical Placement Coordinator (CPC), an innovative student support role in Irish nursing education. The paper shows how an understanding of the key phenomenological notions of bracketing and intentionality, and careful consideration of their implications for research design and conduct, can enrich nursing research by retaining the objectivity and critique central to the phenomenological method. The illumination and clarification of contested and complex concepts can be achieved by encouraging both researcher and co-researchers to get 'back to the things themselves' by taking a fresh unprejudiced look at the necessary and sufficient elements of phenomena of interest to nursing as they appear to those who experience them.
近年来，护理领域的现象学研究受到了持续的抨击，一些护士研究者被指责背叛了现象学的基本原则，误解了其关键概念。本文旨在展示一项受 “护理现象学” 批判启发的研究是如何设计和开展的。特别是，围绕临床实习协调员（CPC）这一概念的调查，探讨了意向性和悬置这两个关键现象学概念在数据收集、数据分析及研究结果呈现方面的影响。临床实习协调员是爱尔兰护理教育中一个创新性的学生支持角色。本文展示了如何通过理解悬置和意向性这两个关键现象学概念，并仔细考虑它们对研究设计和实施的影响，来丰富护理研究，即保留现象学方法核心的客观性和批判性。通过鼓励研究者和共同研究者以全新且无偏见的视角审视护理领域相关现象对于经历者而言所呈现出的必要和充分要素，从而 “回到事物本身”，进而实现对有争议和复杂概念的阐明与澄清。
