Nomura Y, Hara M, Young Y H, Okuno T
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Am J Otol. 1992 Jan;13(1):32-7.
The inner ear pathology of experimental perilymphatic fistula (EPLF) is described. EPLF was produced by injecting artificial perilymph into the subarachnoid space, or by suctioning 4 microL of perilymph through one of the round window membranes of the guinea pig. The animals were either killed immediately, or were kept alive for 3 weeks to 3 months. The conventional celloidin embedding method was employed for morphologic study. Vestibular function of the animals was tested by observing spontaneous nystagmus and positional nystagmus after the experiment. The caloric test was also performed. Various pathologic changes of the membranous labyrinth were observed. In the cochlea these included rupture or collapse of Reissner's membrane, bulging of Reissner's membrane, loss of hair cells, and compression of the organ of Corti. Pathology of the otolithic organs and semicircular canals mainly consisted of collapse of the membranous labyrinth. Clinical symptoms in patients with perilymphatic fistula (PLF) are explained, based on our experimental findings. Electronystagmography (ENG) of EPLF animals showed either no caloric response or, with a longer duration, caloric irregularity. Prolonged unsteadiness in patients may be due to "floating" labyrinth.
描述了实验性外淋巴瘘（EPLF）的内耳病理学。通过将人工外淋巴注入蛛网膜下腔，或通过从豚鼠的一个圆窗膜抽吸4微升外淋巴来制造EPLF。动物要么立即处死，要么存活3周至3个月。采用传统的火棉胶包埋方法进行形态学研究。实验后通过观察自发性眼球震颤和位置性眼球震颤来测试动物的前庭功能。还进行了冷热试验。观察到膜迷路的各种病理变化。在耳蜗中，这些变化包括Reissner膜破裂或塌陷、Reissner膜膨出、毛细胞丢失以及柯蒂器受压。耳石器官和半规管的病理学主要表现为膜迷路塌陷。基于我们的实验结果解释了外淋巴瘘（PLF）患者的临床症状。EPLF动物的眼震电图（ENG）显示要么无冷热反应，要么持续时间较长时冷热反应不规则。患者长期的不稳定可能归因于“漂浮”的迷路。
