Van Opstal Filip, Reynvoet Bert, Verguts Tom
Department of Psychology, Ghent University, H. Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
Cognition. 2005 Aug;97(1):89-97; discussion 99-113. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2004.12.011.
Recently, [Kunde, W., Kiesel, A., & Hoffmann, J. (2003). Conscious control over the content of unconscious cognition. Cognition, 88, 223-242] used a masked priming paradigm to argue that neither the 'elaborate processing' or the 'evolving automaticity' view can account for the processing of unconscious numerical stimuli. In our Experiment 1 we replicated [Kunde, W., Kiesel, A., & Hoffmann, J. (2003). Conscious control over the content of unconscious cognition. Cognition, 88, 223-242] Experiment 4 and show that with a less demanding mask than that used by Kunde et al., 'elaborate processing' can explain priming results given that there are side conditions to trigger elaborate processing of unconscious stimuli. The second experiment further explores this influence of the masks by increasing the relevance of the symbols by which the mask is composed. The results show that an increase in relevance of the mask is accompanied by a decrease in the priming effect, though there was no significant change in conscious awareness of the prime.
最近,[昆德,W.,基塞尔,A.,& 霍夫曼,J.(2003年)。对无意识认知内容的有意识控制。《认知》,88卷,223 - 242页]采用了一种掩蔽启动范式来论证,“精细加工”观点和“逐渐发展的自动化”观点都无法解释对无意识数字刺激的加工过程。在我们的实验1中,我们重复了[昆德,W.,基塞尔,A.,& 霍夫曼,J.(2003年)。对无意识认知内容的有意识控制。《认知》,88卷,223 - 242页]的实验4,并表明,使用比昆德等人所使用的要求更低的掩蔽时,只要存在触发对无意识刺激进行精细加工的附带条件,“精细加工”就能解释启动结果。第二个实验通过提高构成掩蔽的符号的相关性,进一步探究了掩蔽的这种影响。结果表明,掩蔽相关性的增加伴随着启动效应的降低,尽管对启动刺激的有意识觉知没有显著变化。