Sin Gürkan, Van Hulle Stijn W H, De Pauw Dirk J W, van Griensven Ann, Vanrolleghem Peter A
BIOMATH, Department of Applied Mathematics, Biometrics and Process Control, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
Water Res. 2005 Jul;39(12):2459-74. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2005.05.006.
Modelling activated sludge systems has gained an increasing momentum after the introduction of activated sludge models (ASMs) in 1987. Application of dynamic models for full-scale systems requires essentially a calibration of the chosen ASM to the case under study. Numerous full-scale model applications have been performed so far which were mostly based on ad hoc approaches and expert knowledge. Further, each modelling study has followed a different calibration approach: e.g. different influent wastewater characterization methods, different kinetic parameter estimation methods, different selection of parameters to be calibrated, different priorities within the calibration steps, etc. In short, there was no standard approach in performing the calibration study, which makes it difficult, if not impossible, to (1) compare different calibrations of ASMs with each other and (2) perform internal quality checks for each calibration study. To address these concerns, systematic calibration protocols have recently been proposed to bring guidance to the modeling of activated sludge systems and in particular to the calibration of full-scale models. In this contribution four existing calibration approaches (BIOMATH, HSG, STOWA and WERF) will be critically discussed using a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis. It will also be assessed in what way these approaches can be further developed in view of further improving the quality of ASM calibration. In this respect, the potential of automating some steps of the calibration procedure by use of mathematical algorithms is highlighted.
自1987年引入活性污泥模型（ASMs）以来，活性污泥系统建模的发展势头日益强劲。将动态模型应用于实际规模的系统，本质上需要针对所研究的案例对选定的ASM进行校准。到目前为止，已经进行了大量实际规模的模型应用，这些应用大多基于临时方法和专家知识。此外，每项建模研究都采用了不同的校准方法：例如，不同的进水废水特性表征方法、不同的动力学参数估计方法、不同的待校准参数选择、校准步骤中的不同优先级等。简而言之，在进行校准研究时没有标准方法，这使得（1）相互比较不同的ASM校准以及（2）对每项校准研究进行内部质量检查变得困难，如果不是不可能的话。为了解决这些问题，最近提出了系统校准协议，为活性污泥系统建模，特别是实际规模模型的校准提供指导。在本论文中，将使用SWOT（优势、劣势、机会、威胁）分析对四种现有的校准方法（BIOMATH、HSG、STOWA和WERF）进行批判性讨论。还将评估这些方法在进一步提高ASM校准质量方面可以如何进一步发展。在这方面，强调了使用数学算法自动化校准程序某些步骤的潜力。
