Smith Paul F, Zheng Yiwen, Darlington Cynthia L
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Aug 22;100(1-2):95-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.05.032.
The investigation into the effects of Ginkgo biloba extracts on tinnitus has suffered from a dearth of effective animal models as well as systematic clinical trials employing double-blind and placebo-controlled designs. Some clinical trials have yielded positive results, however, these studies are few and have been limited either by design flaws, the small size of the significant effects, or else the results have not been published in peer-reviewed journals and therefore the quality of the research is not assured. By contrast, the two most systematic clinical trials, both double-blind and placebo controlled, and published in respected peer-reviewed journals, have yielded negative results and suggest that Ginkgo biloba extracts are of little more use in the treatment of tinnitus than a placebo. Treatments for tinnitus that do not have therapeutic efficacy not only waste money but can potentially prevent patients from seeking therapy that is efficacious. Furthermore, the unsupervised use of Ginkgo biloba extracts with other medications could lead to adverse side effects which are unnecessary and not justified in terms of therapeutic benefit.
对于银杏叶提取物治疗耳鸣效果的研究，一直缺乏有效的动物模型以及采用双盲和安慰剂对照设计的系统临床试验。一些临床试验取得了阳性结果，然而，这些研究数量较少，且受到设计缺陷、显著效果规模小的限制，或者结果未在同行评审期刊上发表，因此研究质量无法保证。相比之下，两项最系统的临床试验，均为双盲且安慰剂对照，并发表在备受尊敬的同行评审期刊上，结果为阴性，表明银杏叶提取物在治疗耳鸣方面并不比安慰剂更有效。没有治疗效果的耳鸣治疗方法不仅浪费金钱，还可能使患者无法寻求有效的治疗。此外，在无监督的情况下将银杏叶提取物与其他药物一起使用可能会导致不良副作用，这些副作用是不必要的，且从治疗益处的角度来看是不合理的。
