Maegele Marc, Lippert-Gruener Marcela, Ester-Bode Thorsten, Sauerland Stefan, Schäfer Ute, Molcanyi Marek, Lefering Rolf, Bouillon Bertil, Neiss Wolfram F, Angelov Doychin N, Klug Norfried, McIntosh Tracy K, Neugebauer Edmund A M
Biochemische und Experimentelle Abteilung, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität zu Köln, Chirurgische Klinik der Universität Witten-Herdecke, Klinikum Köln-Merheim, Germany.
J Neurotrauma. 2005 Jul;22(7):772-82. doi: 10.1089/neu.2005.22.772.
This study was designed to investigate the additional benefits of a multimodal early onset stimulation (MEOS) paradigm when combined with enriched environment (EE) versus EE only and standard housing (SH) on the recovery after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). Male Sprague- Dawley rats were subjected to moderate lateral fluid percussion (LFP) brain injury (n = 40) or sham operation (n = 6). Thereafter, the injured and sham/EE + MEOS and EE only groups were placed into a complex EE consisting of tunnel-connected wide-bodied cages with various beddings, inclining platforms, and toys. Along with group living and environmental complexity, injured and sham/EE + MEOS animals were additionally exposed to a standardized paradigm of multimodal stimulation including auditory, visual, olfactory, and motor stimuli. In contrast, injured and sham/SH groups were housed individually without stimulation. A standardized composite neuroscore (NS) test was used to assess acute post-traumatic neuromotor deficits (24 h after injury) and recovery on days 7 and 15; recovery of cognitive function was assessed on days 11-15 using the Barnes maze. Neuromotor impairment was comparable in all injured animals at 24 h post-injury, but braininjured EE + MEOS rats performed significantly better than both brain-injured SH and EE groups when tested on post-injury days 7 and 15 (p = 0.004). Similarly, latencies to locate the hidden box under the Barnes maze platform were significantly shortened in EE + MEOS animals at day 15 (p = 0.003). These results indicate that the reversal of neuromotor and cognitive dysfunction after TBI can be substantially enhanced when MEOS is added to EE.
本研究旨在探讨多模式早期启动刺激（MEOS）范式与丰富环境（EE）相结合，相对于仅采用EE以及标准饲养环境（SH），在实验性创伤性脑损伤（TBI）后恢复过程中的额外益处。将雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠进行中度侧方流体冲击（LFP）脑损伤（n = 40）或假手术（n = 6）。此后，将损伤组以及假手术/EE + MEOS组和仅EE组置于由隧道连接的宽体笼组成的复杂EE环境中，笼内有各种垫料、倾斜平台和玩具。除了群居和环境复杂性外，损伤组和假手术/EE + MEOS组的动物还额外接受包括听觉、视觉、嗅觉和运动刺激在内的标准化多模式刺激范式。相比之下，损伤组和假手术/SH组单独饲养且无刺激。使用标准化综合神经评分（NS）测试评估创伤后急性神经运动功能缺损（损伤后24小时）以及第7天和第15天的恢复情况；在第11 - 15天使用巴恩斯迷宫评估认知功能的恢复情况。损伤后24小时，所有损伤动物的神经运动损伤程度相当，但在损伤后第7天和第15天进行测试时，脑损伤的EE + MEOS大鼠的表现明显优于脑损伤的SH组和EE组（p = 0.004）。同样，在第15天，EE + MEOS组动物在巴恩斯迷宫平台下找到隐藏盒子的潜伏期显著缩短（p = 0.003）。这些结果表明，当将MEOS添加到EE中时，TBI后神经运动和认知功能障碍的逆转可得到显著增强。
