Mansell Warren
University of Manchester, UK.
Psychol Psychother. 2005 Jun;78(Pt 2):141-78. doi: 10.1348/147608304X21400.
Perceptual control theory (PCT; Powers, 1973) is presented and adapted as a framework to understand the causes, maintenance, and treatment of psychological disorders. PCT provides dynamic, working models based on the principle that goal-directed activity arises from a hierarchy of negative feedback loops that control perception through control of the environment. The theory proposes that psychological distress arises from the unresolved conflict between goals. The present paper integrates PCT, control theory, and self-regulatory approaches to psychopathology and psychotherapy and recent empirical findings, particularly in the field of cognitive therapy. The approach aims to offer fresh insights into the role of goal conflict, automatic processes, imagery, perceptual distortion, and loss of control in psychological disorders. Implications for psychological therapy are discussed, including an integration of the existing work on the assessment of control profiles and the use of assertive versus yielding modes of control.
知觉控制理论（PCT；鲍尔斯，1973年）被提出并改编为一个框架，用于理解心理障碍的成因、维持和治疗。PCT基于这样一个原则提供动态的工作模型，即目标导向的活动源于通过控制环境来控制感知的负反馈回路层次结构。该理论提出，心理困扰源于目标之间未解决的冲突。本文将PCT、控制理论以及心理病理学和心理治疗的自我调节方法与近期的实证研究结果，特别是认知治疗领域的研究结果进行了整合。该方法旨在为目标冲突、自动过程、意象、知觉扭曲和失控在心理障碍中的作用提供新的见解。文中讨论了对心理治疗的启示，包括对现有控制概况评估工作的整合以及积极控制模式与顺从控制模式的运用。
