Crowell James A
Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Eur J Cancer. 2005 Sep;41(13):1889-910. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.04.016.
Chemoprevention is an innovative area of cancer research that focuses on the development of pharmacological, biological, and nutritional interventions to prevent, reverse, or delay carcinogenesis. Over the past two decades the Division of Cancer Prevention of the US National Cancer Institute has organized a research and development program to provide resources and infrastructure to the research community for the clinical evaluation of potential cancer preventive agents. This program now encompasses preclinical agent and molecular target identification, in vitro and in vivo screening, efficacy and intermediate endpoint testing, pharmacology and toxicology assessments, and finally chemical synthesis and manufacturing leading to Investigational New Drug applications and clinical studies. In this review, examples of agents currently in development, preclinical testing models, and phase 1 and 2 clinical studies are described. Continued commitment to cancer prevention will significantly reduce the economic and medical burden of cancer.
化学预防是癌症研究的一个创新领域，专注于开发药理学、生物学和营养干预措施，以预防、逆转或延缓癌症发生。在过去二十年里，美国国立癌症研究所癌症预防部组织了一项研发计划，为研究界提供资源和基础设施，用于对潜在癌症预防剂进行临床评估。该计划目前涵盖临床前药剂和分子靶点识别、体外和体内筛选、疗效和中间终点测试、药理学和毒理学评估，最后是化学合成和生产，以推进新药临床试验申请和临床研究。在这篇综述中，描述了目前正在开发的药剂实例、临床前测试模型以及1期和2期临床研究。持续致力于癌症预防将显著减轻癌症的经济和医疗负担。
