Saey P R J, De Geer L-E
Preparatory Commission for the comprehensive, Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organisation, Provisional Technical Secretariat, PO Box 1200, 1400 Vienna, Austria.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2005 Nov-Dec;63(5-6):765-73. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2005.05.035. Epub 2005 Jul 6.
The verification of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) includes, beside three different waveform techniques, global monitoring of radioactive aerosols and noble gases. The noble gases are difficult to contain for the illicit tester and are therefore of particular importance to identify signals from underground or underwater nuclear tests. Several isotopes of xenon are sufficiently produced in fission and a few have suitable half-lives and radiations to be detected. These are (131m)Xe, (133m)Xe, (133)Xe and (135)Xe and they have been selected for continuous monitoring. Four different systems have been developed to sample and measure them. Three of them use cryogenic or room-temperature gas chromatography processes and one a membrane technology. One measures by gamma spectroscopy, two by beta-gamma coincidence spectroscopy and one by beta-gated gamma spectroscopy. These systems are now undergoing trials at worldwide locations in the so-called International Noble Gas Experiment (INGE). In parallel, specific analytical software is being developed to examine the spectra produced by these different systems. This paper presents results from data acquired both from regions having a high radioxenon background and from remote low background stations.
《全面禁止核试验条约》（CTBT）的核查工作，除了采用三种不同的波形技术外，还包括对放射性气溶胶和惰性气体进行全球监测。对于非法进行核试验者而言，惰性气体难以控制，因此对于识别地下或水下核试验信号尤为重要。氙的几种同位素在裂变过程中大量产生，其中一些具有合适的半衰期和辐射特性以便被探测到。这些同位素是（131m）Xe、（133m）Xe、（133）Xe和（135）Xe，它们已被选定进行连续监测。现已开发出四种不同的系统来对其进行采样和测量。其中三种采用低温或室温气相色谱法，一种采用膜技术。一种通过伽马能谱法测量，两种通过贝塔 - 伽马符合能谱法测量，一种通过贝塔门控伽马能谱法测量。这些系统目前正在全球各地进行所谓的国际惰性气体实验（INGE）测试。与此同时，正在开发特定的分析软件，以检查这些不同系统产生的光谱。本文展示了从高放射性氙背景区域和偏远低背景监测站获取的数据结果。
