Bucci Maria Pia, Kapoula Zoï
IRIS Group, Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Perception et de 1'Action. LPPA, CNRS-College de France 11, place M. Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
Vision Res. 2006 Feb;46(4):457-66. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2005.05.004. Epub 2005 Jul 7.
The purpose of the present study was to examine in 7 years old normal children who just learnt to read, saccade and fixation characteristics during reading single words. Eight children were studied and their results were compared to those of eight normal adults doing the same task. For each group word reading data were also compared with data in a task requiring saccades and fixations to target-LEDs. Horizontal saccades from both eyes were recorded with a photoelectric device (Oculometer, Bouis). Latencies of saccades both to words and to LEDs presented at predictable location were similar, and they were also similar between children and adults. In contrast, disconjugacy of saccades was significantly increased for children and similar in the two tasks (LEDs or words). Disconjugate post-saccadic drift and its velocity were also significantly higher in children and similar in the two tasks. Substantial conjugate leftward drift was present for children only, and for the word task only. Finally, fixation duration on words was significantly longer in children than in adults. We conclude that binocular coordination and fixation stability is poor in children and that it could be partially responsible for the long fixation duration. Binocular coordination does not depend on the task (LEDs or words) neither for adults, nor for children; this contrasts prior reports.
本研究的目的是检查7岁刚学会阅读的正常儿童在阅读单个单词时的扫视和注视特征。对8名儿童进行了研究，并将他们的结果与8名完成相同任务的正常成年人的结果进行比较。对于每组，单词阅读数据也与要求扫视和注视目标发光二极管的任务中的数据进行比较。用光电装置（眼动仪，布伊斯）记录双眼的水平扫视。向可预测位置呈现的单词和发光二极管的扫视潜伏期相似，儿童和成年人之间也相似。相比之下，儿童的扫视非共轭性显著增加，并且在两项任务（发光二极管或单词）中相似。儿童的非共轭扫视后漂移及其速度也显著更高，并且在两项任务中相似。仅在儿童中且仅在单词任务中存在明显的共轭向左漂移。最后，儿童对单词的注视持续时间明显长于成年人。我们得出结论，儿童的双眼协调性和注视稳定性较差，这可能部分导致了较长的注视持续时间。双眼协调性对于成年人和儿童而言都不依赖于任务（发光二极管或单词）；这与先前的报告形成对比。
