van Hooff Anton
Department of History, Nijmegen University, The Netherland.
Arch Suicide Res. 2004;8(1):43-56. doi: 10.1080/1381111049243859.
Emile Durkheim, a student of classical education, studied altruistic suicide through an exploration of ancient culture. He associated the concept to civilizations in which people have not reached a sufficient degree of individuation and held that the Greek and Roman civilizations had already developed and were not strongly integrated, a precondition for frequent altruistic suicide. Yet, studies of Greeks and Romans show ample examples. Loyalty and devotion appear to be especially powerful motives. It is concluded that altruistic suicide had its place inside the Greco-Roman world.
埃米尔·涂尔干是一位接受过古典教育的学者，他通过对古代文化的探索研究了利他主义自杀。他将这一概念与那些人们尚未达到足够个体化程度的文明联系起来，并认为希腊和罗马文明已经发展起来且整合程度不高，而这是频繁发生利他主义自杀的一个前提条件。然而，对希腊人和罗马人的研究显示了大量的例子。忠诚和奉献似乎是特别强大的动机。由此得出结论，利他主义自杀在希腊罗马世界中占有一席之地。
