Pai S B, Varma R G, Kulkarni R N
Department of Neurosurgery, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, India.
Neurol India. 2005 Jun;53(2):186-90. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.16406.
The microsurgical anatomy of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is of particular interest to the cerebrovascular surgeon. The purpose of this study was to define the microsurgical anatomy of the MCA and its various branches in the Indian population.
Ten MCAs were studied from five cadaveric brain specimens. The authors studied the outer diameter, length, branches, perforators and site of these on the main trunk (M1), the division of the main trunk, the secondary trunks and their various cortical branches using the operating microscope under 5-20x magnification.
The outer diameter of the MCA main trunk ranges from 2.5 to 4 mm with a mean of 3.35 mm. The superolateral branches consisted of polar temporal artery and anterior temporal artery that had a common origin and sometimes the uncal artery or the accessory uncal artery. Perforators or lenticulostriate arteries were seen in the inferomedial surface all along the length of M1. Eight bifurcations and two trifurcations were noted. Cortical branches and their origin are discussed.
Although the microsurgical anatomy of the MCA in Indian population correlated with the findings in the western literature, some structural and statistical variations were noted.
大脑中动脉（MCA）的显微外科解剖学对脑血管外科医生尤为重要。本研究的目的是明确印度人群中MCA及其各分支的显微外科解剖结构。
从五具尸体脑标本中研究了10条MCA。作者使用手术显微镜在5-20倍放大倍数下研究了这些血管在主干（M1）上的外径、长度、分支、穿支及位置、主干的分支、二级分支及其各种皮质分支。
MCA主干外径范围为2.5至4毫米，平均为3.35毫米。上外侧分支包括颞极动脉和颞前动脉，它们有共同的起源，有时还有钩动脉或副钩动脉。在M1全长的内下表面可见穿支或豆纹动脉。观察到8个分叉和2个三分叉。讨论了皮质分支及其起源。
尽管印度人群中MCA的显微外科解剖结构与西方文献中的研究结果相关，但仍发现了一些结构和统计学上的差异。
