Rodgers C
Division of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1992 May;14(3):192-5. doi: 10.1016/0163-8343(92)90082-l.
Although extrapyramidal side effects of two commonly used antiemetics, metoclopramide and prochlorperazine, are well known, it may be difficult for even the experienced practitioner to distinguish some of these extrapyramidal reactions from such psychiatric symptoms as anxiety, depression, or catatonia. Certain patient groups have increased susceptibility to these extrapyramidal reactions, including patients under 30, those with AIDS, those with renal disease, oncology patients, and possibly women. Physicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for depression, anxiety, or catatonia if their patients are taking antiemetics. These symptoms may be extrapyramidal side effects of the antiemetic rather than indications of a primary mental disorder.
尽管两种常用止吐药（胃复安和氯丙嗪）的锥体外系副作用广为人知，但即使是经验丰富的从业者，也可能难以将其中一些锥体外系反应与焦虑、抑郁或紧张症等精神症状区分开来。某些患者群体对这些锥体外系反应的易感性增加，包括30岁以下的患者、艾滋病患者、肾病患者、肿瘤患者，可能还有女性。如果患者正在服用止吐药，医生应高度怀疑是否存在抑郁、焦虑或紧张症。这些症状可能是止吐药的锥体外系副作用，而非原发性精神障碍的表现。
