Matorin S, Greenberg L
Payne Whitney Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, New York Hospital, Cornell Medical Center, NY 10021.
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1992 Jun;43(6):625-9. doi: 10.1176/ps.43.6.625.
A family with an adolescent must transform itself from a predominantly nurturant unit to one that can tolerate and encourage the adolescent's need to separate. When an adolescent presents with symptoms that disrupt the developmental process, the clinician who is familiar with several models of family therapy is better able to select a therapeutic and cost-effective intervention. For family assessments, the authors recommend a biopsychosocial approach, which has replaced the outdated view that families cause psychiatric problems and which acknowledges the family as a potential source of healing. The authors describe several models of family therapy--Satir's communication model, the structural model of Minuchin, Bowen's cross-generational model, and psycho-education--and examine features of these approaches useful for working with adolescents. Illustrative vignettes and some guiding principles for matching model and problem are offered.
一个有青少年的家庭必须从一个以养育为主的单位转变为一个能够容忍并鼓励青少年分离需求的单位。当青少年出现扰乱发育过程的症状时，熟悉几种家庭治疗模式的临床医生更有能力选择一种具有治疗效果且成本效益高的干预措施。对于家庭评估，作者推荐采用生物心理社会方法，这种方法取代了认为家庭会导致精神问题的过时观点，并承认家庭是一个潜在的治愈来源。作者描述了几种家庭治疗模式——萨提亚的沟通模式、米纽秦的结构模式、鲍文的跨代模式以及心理教育——并探讨了这些方法中对治疗青少年有用的特征。文中提供了说明性的案例以及一些将模式与问题相匹配的指导原则。
