Modell Sieglinde, Ising Marcus, Holsboer Florian, Lauer Christoph Johannes
Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich.
Biol Psychiatry. 2005 Nov 1;58(9):694-9. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.05.004. Epub 2005 Jul 14.
The most characteristic alterations in the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) during major depression are a shortened latency to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and an elevated REM density. Because these changes persist in remission, they might represent vulnerability markers. To identify vulnerability markers, we investigated premorbid sleep EEG parameters in healthy high-risk probands (HRPs) with a positive family history of affective disorders.
We identified 136 depressed inpatients from referrals to our hospital who had first-degree relatives with an affective disorder as well as first-degree relatives with no current or lifetime history of psychiatric disorders. The latter (the HRP group) were investigated by polysomnography. During the follow-up period, 20 HRPs developed an affective disorder. Their premorbid sleep data were analyzed.
Premorbid sleep EEG of affected HRPs showed an increased REM density (total night and first REM period) compared with the control group without personal or family history of a psychiatric disorder.
Increased REM density can be observed not only in patients with depression, but also in their healthy relatives. Moreover, it is predictive for the onset of a psychiatric disorder. Therefore, it can be recommended as a possible endophenotype of these diseases.
重度抑郁症患者睡眠脑电图（EEG）最具特征性的改变是快速眼动（REM）睡眠潜伏期缩短和REM密度升高。由于这些变化在缓解期持续存在，它们可能代表易感性标志物。为了识别易感性标志物，我们调查了有情感障碍家族史的健康高危先证者（HRP）病前的睡眠EEG参数。
我们从转诊至我院的患者中确定了136名抑郁症住院患者，他们有情感障碍的一级亲属以及无当前或终生精神疾病史的一级亲属。后者（HRP组）接受了多导睡眠图检查。在随访期间，20名HRP患上了情感障碍。对他们病前的睡眠数据进行了分析。
与无个人或家族精神疾病史的对照组相比，患病HRP的病前睡眠EEG显示REM密度增加（整夜和首个REM期）。
不仅抑郁症患者，而且他们的健康亲属中也可观察到REM密度增加。此外，它可预测精神疾病的发作。因此，它可被推荐为这些疾病可能的内表型。
