Schneider-Axmann Thomas, Kamer Thomas, Moroni Manuel, Maric Nadja, Tepest Ralf, Dani Indra, Honer William G, Scherk Harald, Rietschel Marcella, Schulze Thomas G, Müller Daniel J, Cordes Joachim, Schönell Helmut, Steinmetz Helmuth, Gaebel Wofgang, Vogeley Kai, Kühn Kai-Uwe, Wagner Michael, Maier Wolfgang, Träber Frank, Block Wolfgang, Schild Hans H, Falkai Peter
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Saarland, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
J Psychiatr Res. 2006 Oct;40(7):646-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2005.04.009. Epub 2005 Jul 14.
Gray matter reduction and ventricular enlargement belong to the best replicated findings in schizophrenia. Brain morphologic changes were also found in non-schizophrenic family members (FM). The intention of this study was to examine whether non-psychotic first-degree relatives reveal similar morphologic changes as schizophrenic patients and how state of genetic loading contribute to these abnormalities.
Forty-nine schizophrenic patients, 71 non-schizophrenic FM and 48 control subjects took part in this volumetric MRI study. All subjects were between 18 and 59 years old. Dependent variables were gray matter, white matter and total cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume, determined by SPM99 segmentation algorithm. As an important part of CSF lateral ventricle volume was determined manually by removing surrounding CSF areas.
In schizophrenic patients compared to controls and non-schizophrenic FM total CSF volumes and lateral ventricles were increased. Gray and, to a lesser degree, white matter volumes were decreased as well. For CSF, gray and white matter there was no significant difference between uni- and multiple affected families. CSF correlated significantly negative with gray matter (r=-0.78) and, less intensive, with white matter (r=-0.40). There were negative correlations between gray and white matter volume as well (r=-0.26). These correlations were not significantly different between the diagnostic groups.
CSF enlargement and gray matter reductions in schizophrenic patients compared to controls and non-affected FM seem to be interdependent findings. However, this correlation is independent of the factor diagnosis and is therefore not specific for schizophrenia.
灰质减少和脑室扩大是精神分裂症中最具重复性的发现。在非精神分裂症患者的家庭成员（FM）中也发现了脑形态学变化。本研究旨在探讨非精神病性一级亲属是否表现出与精神分裂症患者相似的形态学变化，以及基因负荷状态如何导致这些异常。
49名精神分裂症患者、71名非精神分裂症FM和48名对照受试者参与了这项容积磁共振成像（MRI）研究。所有受试者年龄在18至59岁之间。通过SPM99分割算法确定因变量为灰质、白质和总脑脊液（CSF）体积。作为CSF的重要组成部分，侧脑室体积通过去除周围CSF区域手动确定。
与对照组和非精神分裂症FM相比，精神分裂症患者的总CSF体积和侧脑室增大。灰质以及程度较轻的白质体积也减少。对于CSF、灰质和白质，单亲和多亲受累家庭之间没有显著差异。CSF与灰质显著负相关（r = -0.78），与白质的相关性较弱（r = -0.40）。灰质和白质体积之间也存在负相关（r = -0.26）。这些相关性在诊断组之间没有显著差异。
与对照组和未受累FM相比，精神分裂症患者的CSF扩大和灰质减少似乎是相互依存的发现。然而，这种相关性独立于诊断因素，因此并非精神分裂症所特有。
