Wilens Timothy E, Hahesy Amy L, Biederman Joseph, Bredin Elizabeth, Tanguay Sarah, Kwon Anne, Faraone Stephen V
Clinical Research Program in Pediatric Psychopharmacology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
Am J Addict. 2005 Mar-Apr;14(2):179-87. doi: 10.1080/10550490590924872.
As part of a pilot-controlled family-based study of the children of parents with and without substance use disorders (SUD), the influence of parental SUD and ADHD on the risk for ADHD in offspring was evaluated. Using structured psychiatric interviews, 96 families (183 youth; mean age 11.6 years) were assessed. To evaluate the effect of parental ADHD and SUD, the offspring were stratified into four groups based on parental status: children of parents with neither ADHD nor SUD, children of parents with SUD only, children of parents with ADHD only, and children of parents with both ADHD and SUD. Using generalized estimating equation models, parental SUD and ADHD were used to predict ADHD in the offspring. The rate of children with ADHD increased among children of parents with neither disorder (3%), children of parents with SUD (13%), children of parents with ADHD (25%), and children of parents with both ADHD and SUD (50%) (p = .001). Children of parents with ADHD or ADHD plus SUD were more likely to have ADHD in comparison to children of parents with neither diagnosis (p < 0.05). Children of parents with ADHD plus SUD were at greater risk of ADHD in comparison to children of parents with SUD only (p = 0.01). Despite the small sample size, the results of this study seem to suggest that the offspring of SUD or ADHD parents are at elevated risk for ADHD compared to controls. The offspring of parents with both ADHD and SUD appear to be at the highest risk for ADHD, highlighting the need for careful screening of this group of youth for ADHD. Replication studies clarifying the nature and strength of the association are necessary.
作为一项针对有和没有物质使用障碍（SUD）的父母的子女进行的试点对照家庭研究的一部分，评估了父母的SUD和注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）对后代患ADHD风险的影响。通过结构化精神病学访谈，对96个家庭（183名青少年；平均年龄11.6岁）进行了评估。为了评估父母患ADHD和SUD的影响，根据父母的状况将后代分为四组：父母既无ADHD也无SUD的子女、仅父母有SUD的子女、仅父母有ADHD的子女以及父母既有ADHD又有SUD的子女。使用广义估计方程模型，用父母的SUD和ADHD来预测后代的ADHD。在父母既无疾病的子女（3%）、父母有SUD的子女（13%）、父母有ADHD的子女（25%）以及父母既有ADHD又有SUD的子女（50%）中，患ADHD的儿童比例有所增加（p = 0.001）。与未被诊断出任何疾病的父母的子女相比，父母患有ADHD或ADHD加SUD的子女更有可能患ADHD（p < 0.05）。与仅父母有SUD的子女相比，父母既有ADHD又有SUD的子女患ADHD的风险更高（p = 0.01）。尽管样本量较小，但这项研究的结果似乎表明，与对照组相比，SUD或ADHD父母的后代患ADHD的风险更高。父母既有ADHD又有SUD的后代患ADHD的风险似乎最高，这突出表明需要对这组青少年进行仔细的ADHD筛查。有必要进行重复研究以阐明这种关联的性质和强度。
