Niggemann B, Wahn U
Universitäts-Kinderklinik Berlin.
Monatsschr Kinderheilkd. 1992 Mar;140(3):156-61.
Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis can be divided into two forms: a seasonal one (pollen-induced) and a perennial one (e.g. provoked by house dust mites). There is still a tendency for underdiagnosing the disease, especially concerning the perennial form. Besides the typical diagnostic procedures, measurement of mediators in the nasal lavage are used for scientific research as well as for clinical reasons nowadays. The clinical picture is described with the terms "sneezer", "blower" and "blocker". During an acute phase of the disease the patients feel generally sick--due to the immunological inflammation. The new nonsedating oral antihistamines are the first choice for the saisonal form, whereas topical steroids are the "gold standard" for the perennial form. Guidelines for therapy are discussed.
季节性(花粉诱发)和常年性(如由屋尘螨诱发)。目前该病仍有诊断不足的倾向,尤其是常年性类型。除了典型的诊断程序外,如今鼻灌洗中介质的测量既用于科研也用于临床。临床表现用“喷嚏型”“流涕型”和“鼻塞型”来描述。在疾病的急性期,患者通常会因免疫炎症而感觉不适。新型非镇静口服抗组胺药是季节性类型的首选,而局部用类固醇是常年性类型的“金标准”。文中还讨论了治疗指南。