Bufalari A, Miller S M, Short C E, Giannoni G
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States.
N Z Vet J. 1997 Aug;45(4):129-34. doi: 10.1080/00480169.1997.36012.
Cardiovascular, pulmonary and anaesthetic-analgesic responses were evaluated in 18 male and female dogs to determine the effect of the injectable anaesthetic propofol used in conjuction with acepromazine and butorphanol. The dogs were randomly divided into three groups. Dogs in Group A were premeditated with 0.1 mg/kg of intramuscular acepromazine followed by an induction dose of 4.4 mg/kg of intravenous propofol; Group B received 0.2 mg/kg of intramuscular butorphanol and 4.4 mg/kg of intravenous propofol; dogs in Group AB were administered a premeditation combination of 0.1 mg/kg of intramuscular acepromazine and 0.2 mg/kg of intramuscular butorphanol, followed by induction with 3.3 mg/kg of intravenous propofol. The induction dose of propofol was given over a period of 30-60 seconds to determine responses and duration of anaesthesia. Observations recorded in the dogs included heart and respiratory rates, indirect arterial blood pressures (systolic, diastolic and mean), cardiac rhythm, end-tidal CO, tension, oxygen saturation, induction time, duration of anaesthesia, recovery time and adverse reactions. The depth of anaesthesia was assessed by the response to mechanical noxious stimuli (tail clamping), the degree of muscle relaxation and the strength of reflexes. Significant respiratory depression was seen after propofol induction in both groups receiving butorphanol with or without acepromazine. The incidence of apnea was 4/6 dogs in Group B, and 5/6 dogs in Group AB. The incidence of apnea was also correlated to the rate of propofol administration. Propofol-mediated decreases in arterial blood pressure were observed in all three groups. Moderate bradycardia (minimum value > 55 beats/min) was observed in both Groups B and AB. There were no cardiac dysrhythmias noted in any of the 18 dogs. The anaesthetic duration and recovery times were longer in dogs premeditated with acepromazine/butorphanol.
对18只雄性和雌性犬的心血管、肺部及麻醉镇痛反应进行评估，以确定注射用麻醉药丙泊酚与乙酰丙嗪和布托啡诺联合使用的效果。这些犬被随机分为三组。A组犬先肌肉注射0.1mg/kg乙酰丙嗪进行预处理，随后静脉注射4.4mg/kg丙泊酚诱导剂量；B组接受0.2mg/kg肌肉注射布托啡诺和4.4mg/kg静脉注射丙泊酚；AB组犬先肌肉注射0.1mg/kg乙酰丙嗪和0.2mg/kg肌肉注射布托啡诺进行预处理，随后静脉注射3.3mg/kg丙泊酚诱导。丙泊酚诱导剂量在30 - 60秒内给予，以确定反应和麻醉持续时间。记录犬的观察指标包括心率和呼吸频率、间接动脉血压（收缩压、舒张压和平均压）、心律、呼气末二氧化碳分压、氧饱和度、诱导时间、麻醉持续时间、恢复时间及不良反应。通过对机械性有害刺激（夹尾）的反应、肌肉松弛程度和反射强度评估麻醉深度。在接受布托啡诺（无论是否联合乙酰丙嗪）的两组中，丙泊酚诱导后均出现明显的呼吸抑制。B组6只犬中有4只出现呼吸暂停，AB组6只犬中有5只出现呼吸暂停。呼吸暂停的发生率也与丙泊酚给药速度相关。在所有三组中均观察到丙泊酚介导的动脉血压下降。B组和AB组均观察到中度心动过缓（最小值>55次/分钟）。18只犬中均未发现心律失常。用乙酰丙嗪/布托啡诺预处理的犬麻醉持续时间和恢复时间更长。
