口腔癌患者烟草使用习惯及酶促抗氧化系统变化的研究

Study of tobacco habits and alterations in enzymatic antioxidant system in oral cancer.

作者信息

Patel Beena P, Rawal Upendra M, Shah Pankaj M, Prajapati Jayesh A, Rawal Rakesh M, Dave Tina K, Patel Prabhudas S

机构信息

Biochemistry Research Division, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, India.

出版信息

Oncology. 2005;68(4-6):511-9. doi: 10.1159/000086995. Epub 2005 Jul 20.

DOI:10.1159/000086995

PMID:16037684

Abstract

AIM AND OBJECTIVE

Tobacco is a major etiological factor for oral cancer development, accounting 30-40% of all cancer cases in India. Tobacco consumption generates free radicals and causes oxidative damages. In order to counteract these lethal effects, normal living cells have multiple antioxidant defense systems in a cascade manner. Thus, it seems that studying biological parameters, like antioxidant enzyme system, may be helpful in risk assessment and early diagnosis of oral cancer. Therefore, we analyzed erythrocytic and tissue antioxidant enzyme activities in terms of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and plasma thiol levels.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Study included healthy controls with no habit of tobacco (NHT, n = 25), controls with habit of tobacco (WHT, n = 31) and oral cancer patients (n = 52). All the parameters were analyzed with highly sensitive and specific spectrophotometric methods.

RESULTS

Erythrocytic SOD and plasma thiol levels were significantly lower (p = 0.03), while GPx and CAT levels were higher (p = 0.017) in WHT as compared to NHT. No significant changes in GST and GR levels were observed between NHT and WHT. GST, GR, SOD and CAT activities were significantly higher (p = 0.05, p < 0.001, p = 0.003 and p < 0.001, respectively) while GPx and thiol levels were lower (p = 0.035 and p < 0.001, respectively) in oral cancer as compared to WHT. Odds ratio for erythrocytic GR, SOD, CAT and plasma thiol showed significantly higher risk of oral cancer development in WHT. Mean levels of SOD and CAT were increased, while GPx and thiol were decreased with the increase in habit duration in oral cancer. GST, GR and SOD activities were significantly higher (p = 0.0001, p = 0.005 and p = 0.005, respectively), while, CAT and thiol levels were lower (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.015, respectively) in malignant tissues as compared to adjacent normal tissues.

CONCLUSION

The data revealed that evaluation of antioxidant enzyme activities and thiol levels in WHT can be helpful to identify individuals at a higher risk of oral cancer development

摘要

目的与目标

烟草是口腔癌发生的主要病因，在印度占所有癌症病例的30 - 40%。烟草消费会产生自由基并导致氧化损伤。为了抵消这些致命影响，正常活细胞具有多个级联的抗氧化防御系统。因此，研究诸如抗氧化酶系统等生物学参数可能有助于口腔癌的风险评估和早期诊断。所以，我们分析了红细胞和组织中谷胱甘肽 - S - 转移酶（GST）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）的抗氧化酶活性以及血浆硫醇水平。

材料与方法

研究包括无烟草习惯的健康对照组（NHT，n = 25）、有烟草习惯的对照组（WHT，n = 31）和口腔癌患者（n = 52）。所有参数均采用高灵敏度和特异性的分光光度法进行分析。

结果

与NHT相比，WHT组红细胞SOD和血浆硫醇水平显著降低（p = 0.03），而GPx和CAT水平升高（p = 0.017）。NHT和WHT之间GST和GR水平未观察到显著变化。与WHT相比，口腔癌患者的GST、GR、SOD和CAT活性显著更高（分别为p = 0.05、p < 0.001、p = 0.003和p < 0.001），而GPx和硫醇水平较低（分别为p = 0.035和p < 0.001）。红细胞GR、SOD、CAT和血浆硫醇的优势比显示WHT组口腔癌发生风险显著更高。口腔癌患者中，随着吸烟习惯持续时间增加，SOD和CAT的平均水平升高，而GPx和硫醇水平降低。与相邻正常组织相比，恶性组织中的GST、GR和SOD活性显著更高（分别为p = 0.0001、p = 0.005和p = 0.005），而CAT和硫醇水平较低（分别为p = 0.0001和p = 0.015）。