Rice W R
Biology Board of Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064.
Science. 1992 Jun 5;256(5062):1436-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1604317.
When selection differs between the sexes, a mutation beneficial to one sex may be harmful to the other (sexually antagonistic). Because the sexes share a common gene pool, selection in one sex can interfere with the other's adaptive evolution. Theory predicts that sexually antagonistic mutations should accumulate in tight linkage with a new sex-determining gene, even when the harm to benefit ratio is high. Genetic markers and artificial selection were used to make a pair of autosomal genes segregate like a new pair of sex-determining genes in a Drosophila melanogaster model system. A 29-generation study provides experimental evidence that sexually antagonistic genes may be common in nature and will accumulate in response to a new sex-determining gene.
当两性之间的选择存在差异时，对一种性别有益的突变可能对另一种性别有害（性拮抗）。由于两性共享一个共同的基因库，一种性别的选择会干扰另一种性别的适应性进化。理论预测，即使有害与有益的比例很高，性拮抗突变也应与新的性别决定基因紧密连锁积累。在一个黑腹果蝇模型系统中，利用遗传标记和人工选择使一对常染色体基因像一对新的性别决定基因那样分离。一项长达29代的研究提供了实验证据，表明性拮抗基因在自然界可能很常见，并会因新的性别决定基因而积累。
